MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER 199 



REPORT OF MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH OF THE 

 CITY OF TORONTO, CANADA. 



In a report published in 1915 by the Medical Officer of Health of 

 the City of Toronto entitled, "The Safeguarding of Toronto's Milk 

 Supply, with Special Reference to Pasteurization," there is contained a 

 most concise summary of the more important facts to be considered in 

 connection with the pasteurization of milk. After pointing out the great 

 value of milk as a food, the report discusses the dangers of milk briefly 

 as follows : 



"(1) DANGERS FROM BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS. 



The total number of tubercular persons examined in the Research Labora- 

 tory of New York City relative to type of tubercle bacilli was 438; and of 

 these, 32, or 7Yz%, had tubercle bacilli of the bovine type (contracted from the 

 cow). 



The 438 persons were divided into three groups, according to age: 

 1st. 297 persons, 16 years of age or over, among whom only one, or less than 



l /z of 1%, showed bovine tubercle bacilli. 

 2nd. 54 persons between 5 and 16 years of age, among whom 9, or 16^, showed 



bovine tubercle bacilli. 

 3rd. 84 children under 5 years of age, among whom 22, or 26H%, showed 



bovine bacilli. 



The foregoing cases, with the addition of the total number of those exam- 

 ined by other investigators (which Dr. Park accepted as reliable after a careful 

 analysis), total 1,038; and of this number 101, or 9rti, showed tubercle bacilli 

 of the bovine type. If the 1,038 cases are divided into three groups according 

 to age we have the following : 

 1st. 686 persons, 16 years of age or older, among whom 9, or 1%%, showed 



bovine tubercle bacilli. 

 2nd. 132 persons, between 5 and 16 years of age, among whom 33, or 25%, 



showed bovine tubercle bacilli. 

 3rd. 320 persons, less than 5 years, among whom 58, or 26^%, showed bovine 



tubercle bacilli. 



Dr. Park made the following significant statement which is contained in a 

 recent annual report of the United States National Association for the Study 

 and Prevention of Tuberculosis: 



'When the diagnoses of cases entering Mt. Sinai Hospital and the 

 Babies' Hospital of New York, were examined, it was found that the 

 majority of cases of meningitis, supposedly due to the meningo coccus, 

 were really tubercular in character. Fifteen per cent of the cases of 

 broncho-pneumonia and marasmus were also found to be cases of tuber- 

 culosis.' " 



The report also quotes the findings of such leading authorities on 

 tuberculosis as Dr. Ravenel of the University of Missouri; Professor 

 Sims Woodhead of Cambridge University, England; Professor Delepine 

 of Manchester, England; Professor Bang of Copenhagen; and sum- 

 marizes their statements as follows : 



