202 MILK SURVEY OF THE CITY OF ROCHESTER 



This finds a fitting application in our present educative campaign in 

 the necessity for pasteurization." 



(6) EFFECTS OF PASTEURIZATION ON MILK 



"The work done at that time by Schroeder and Cotton in connection with 

 the experimental stations of the Bureau of Animal Industry was most valuable 

 and has frequently been quoted since. They demonstrated that tubercular 

 cattle discharged tuberculosis germs from their bowels almost constantly at 

 times to the extent of tens of millions per day. 



In demonstrating the efficiency of pasteurization, so far as the tubercle 

 bacillus is concerned, they inoculated several hundred guinea pigs with the milk 

 in its raw state from these tubercular cattle. Every one of the little animals 

 showed general tuberculosis. Over 200 guinea pigs were injected with milk 

 from the same cow after it had been pasteurized at a temperature of 140 degrees 

 for thirty minutes. Not one of these developed any signs of tuberculosis." 



The author gives the names of numerous other authorities who have 

 confirmed this work. 



He then submits statements from numerous authorities regarding 

 the chemistry of milk showing that the temperatures used in pasteuriza- 

 tion do not damage milk in any way or change its chemical condition. 

 Among other statements as to the food value of pasteurized milk is the 

 following : 



"In a recent careful study carried on in Washington 351 babies fed on raw 

 milk gained on an average of -.4030 oz. a day, while 557 babies fed on pasteur- 

 ized milk gained on an average of .4077 oz. One hundred and ten babies were 

 fed for part of the time on pasteurized milk. During the raw milk period they 

 gained on an average of .4312 oz. and during the pasteurized milk period an 

 average of .4607 oz. Some of the leading authorities in England and United 

 States are now advocating the use of boiled milk, the digestibility of which one 

 might possibly suspect as being unfavorably affected. 



Dr. North in referring to the digestibility of pasteurized milk gives the 

 following practical evidence : 



'Fortunately New York City has the past three years carried out 

 a gigantic experiment in infant feeding at its fifty-five (55) municipal milk 

 depots, where babies are fed the year round, to the number of 18,000 daily 

 in summer and 16,000 daily in winter. For three years all of this milk has 

 been scientifically pasteurized. Records have shown that the babies have 

 gained weight; have kept well; have shown no signs of rickets or scurvy, 

 and in every way gave evidence that pasteurized milk is not inferior in food 

 value or digestibility to raw milk. 



' The death rate among infants during this period has been reduced 

 from 125 per thousand to 94 per thousand, which places New York City 

 in the lead of any large city in the world in the reduction of infant 

 mortality.' 



Numerous other instances could be quoted of the unchanged nutritive value 

 of pasteurized milk, but the foregoing are more than sufficient to demonstrate 

 this fact. 



It was with a knowledge of these facts that the International Congress of 

 Tuberculosis held in Washington in 1908, unanimously passed a resolution that 



