122 THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

 RELATIVE COST OF MODIFIED MILK. 



Modified milk is as a rule higher in price than whole milk, being 

 naturally more expensive since it is prepared in accordance with 

 physicians' formulas, and requires expert knowledge in its modifica- 

 tion. The Straus Laboratory in Washington states that the addi- 

 tional ingredients called for, the time required, and the necessity of 

 trained help in modifying makes its cost much more than would be 

 demanded for whole milk. This statement is corroborated by the 

 Walker-Gordon Laboratory of this city, which announces that modi- 

 fied milk is much more expensive in that intelligent persons must be 

 trained for its preparation. The health officer of Cleveland, Ohio, 

 reports that it costs from 2 to 9 cents per quart in excess of ordinary 

 market milk. 



The following schedule of prices for whole milk, modified milk, 

 and barley water, sold by the Washington branch of the Straus 

 Pasteurized Milk Laboratories, has been furnished through the 

 courtesy of Miss Reba J. Hurn, local representative: 



Whole milk : Per pint, 4 cents ; per quart, 8 cents. 

 Modified milk: 



No. 1, 8-ounce bottle, 1$ cents ; per quart, 6 cents, on same basis. 



No. 2, 6-ounce bottle, 1 cents; per quart, 8 cents, on same basis. 

 Six bottles a day's feeding. 



No. 3, 3-ounce bottle, 1 cent ; per quart, 10 cents, on same basis. 



No. 4, 3-ounce bottle, 1 cent ; per quart, 10 cents, on same basis. 



Eight bottles a day's feeding. 

 Barley water : 



3-ounce bottle, 1 cent ; per quart, 10 cents, on same basis. 



6-ounce bottle, li cents ; per quart, 8 cents, on same basis. 



Park asserts that even if it were possible to bring all milk up to 

 a prescribed standard of purity, which would make it safe to be 

 ingested unheated by an infant, it would in his judgment be an 

 absolutely unwise procedure on account of the cost, which would be 

 increased far more than the value of the milk for most purposes for 

 which this commodity is used. "Most of us who have studied the 

 question," he says, "believe that proper pasteurization under rigid 

 inspection is the method by which a safe, wholesome milk supply can 

 be provided." 



The committee refers with especial pleasure to the magnificent 

 work being accomplished by infants' milk depots throughout the 

 country and the decided stimulus accorded to the movement by the 

 public-spirited generosity of Mr. Nathan Straus, of New York City, 

 whose practical philanthropy has resulted, either directly or inci- 

 dentally, in instituting since 1892 10 principal depots for the dis- 

 tribution of modified and pasteurized milk. 1 



It is interesting to note that, prior to the movement inaugurated 

 by Mr. Straus in New York City in 1893 for dispensing pasteurized 

 milk, the annual death rate of children under 5 years of age in 

 the metropolis was 96.2 in every 1,000, and in June, July, and August 

 (when exceptional care was required to be taken to properly cool the 



1 Straus depots have been established In New Y^-k City, Chicago, Philadelphia, St. 

 Louis, Newark, N. J., and Washington; also in ^anich, Karlsruhe, and Sandhausen, 

 Germany, and Dublin, Ireland. Mr. Straus donated, besides, the plant installed at the 

 depot, already in operation, at Liverpool, England. 



