162 THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 



shape, and there are many tuberculous lesions, and the owner might have elimi- 

 nated that cow by physical inspection, we think that then the amount to be 

 paid should be on a rapidly descending scale. 



The method now followed by the State of Pennsylvania seems quite practical. 

 Under it the test is optional with the owner and is made at expense of State. 

 The owner receives two-thirds of appraised value of cattle condemned, but not 

 in excess of $75 per head. (Walker-Gordon Laboratory, Washington, D. C.) 



In part, but I can not say how much. (Dr. V. C. Vaughan, Ann Arbor, 

 Mich.) 



A broad question. I think the Bang system should be introduced so that 

 mildly infected cattle might be isolated and used for breeding (once). Badly 

 infected cows should be killed at once and a fair value (beef value?) paid. 

 (Dr. S. C. Prescott, Boston, Mass.) 



Yes, at least for the first two or three tests. Seventy-five per cent of 

 appraised valuation less returns from offal in condemned animals and from 

 meat in passed animals. (Health officer Los Angeles, Cal.) 



He should be compensated in full now. Later, if he gets more for his milk, 

 he should stand the expense. (J. M. Houston, White Cross Milk Co., Wash- 

 ington, D. C.) 



An average allowance should be made for each cow tested for a certain 

 period after the law becomes effective, an thereafter the loss by condemnation 

 should be borne by the owner. (Health officer St. Joseph, Mo.) 



He should be compensated. Personally, I think he should receive about 75 

 per cent of the value. (Health officer Wheeling, W. Va.) 



The present Pennsylvania plan is quite satisfactory. The State to allow 

 three-fourths of the appraised value of the animal. The animal to be killed 

 under inspection. The meat sold, if passed by the inspector, the owner re- 

 ceiving not more than 5 cents per pound, dressed weight, provided the amount 

 received from the State and the butcher does not exceed 90 per cent of the 

 appraised value of the animal. (Dr. C. J. Marshall, University of Pennsyl- 

 vania, Philadelphia, Pa.) 



Yes. Ninety per cent of actual value. (Health officer Scranton, Pa.) 



QUESTION 9. In the absence of compulsory pasteurization, should tests other 

 than the tuberculin test be required to safeguard against typhoid, diphtheria, 

 and other deleterious germs f 



ANSWERS. 



The tuberculin test only guards milk against infection with cattle tuberculosis. 

 It would still be necessary to take other precautions against the infection of 

 typhoid fever, diphtheria, and other communicable diseases. Very few infectious 

 diseases besides tuberculosis are communicable to people from cows. The danger 

 of other diseases arises from contamination through the water supply or by 

 persons handling the milk. There should be an occasional inspection of prem- 

 ises, attendants, methods of handling milk, etc., and an examination of the 

 water supply. The families of those handling the milk should also be sub- 

 jected to examination to guard against the spread of contagious diseases, and 

 there should also be a requirement of compulsory notification of the health 

 officer on the appearance of any contagious disease among attendants or their 

 families. The score-card system of dairy inspection should be used. (Chief 

 Bureau of Animal Industry.) 



The sense of the question is not clear. Cows are not subject to typhoid 

 fever and diphtheria. (Surgeon General U. S. Army.) 



It is not practicable to apply other tests effectively. (Surgeon General 

 U. S. Navy.) 



In the absence of compulsory pasteurization, thorough inspection should be 

 made, both of the dairy and those having to do with the handling of the milk, 

 to prevent its contaminatipn with the infection of typhoid fever, diphtheria, 

 and scarlet fever. (Surgeon General Public Health and Marine-Hospital 

 Service. ) 



General hygienic rules; examination of feces before return of typhoid con- 

 valescents; inspection of wells; and report of all suspected communcable dis- 

 eases. (Dr. William H. Park, New York, N. Y.) 



The tuberculin test, without efficient pasteurization or other sanitary precau- 

 tions, would not be a sufficient safeguard. (Dr. Henry L. Coit, Newark, N. J.) 



Yes ; low bacterial count and clean conditions at dairy and healthy employees, 

 (Dr. R. G. Freeman, New York, N. Y.) 



