THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 163 



Yes. (Dr. M. P. Raven el, Madison, Wis.) 



There are no practical tests. (Dr. C. E. A. Winslow, New York, N. Y.) 



Yes. (Health officer Ann Arbor, Mich.) 



Yes. (Health officer Baltimore, Md.) 



No; there is no practical test of dairy cows for typhoid or diphtheria. 

 (Health officer Birmingham, Ala.) 



No. (Health officer Bismarck, N. Dak.) 



None are practical under existing conditions. (Health officer Cleveland, 

 Ohio.) 



Using the word " test " in the sense of activities, I should answer : Enforce- 

 ment of dairy regulations reenforced by laboratory findings. (Health officer 

 Columbus, Ohio. 



Rigid inspection. (Mealth officer Detroit, Mich.) 



Typhoid fever, diphtheria, scarlet fever are not safeguarded by any test 

 applied to cattle, but the source of distribution is to be found and guarded in 

 personnel of those handling the milk. (State board of health, Florida.) 



No; competent dairy inspection and a dairy register of infectious diseases. 

 (Health officer Jacksonville, Fla.) 



Do not think so; latter produced by contact. (Health officer Kansas 

 City, Mo.) 



Don't understand this question. How would you test? For instance, a 

 cow does not have typhoid. (Health officer Lynchburg, Va.) 



I am not aware of any teists that could be used in actual practice. (Health 

 officer Montclair, N. J.) 



Tuberculin test indicateis tuberculosis; does not affect typhoid, diphtheria, or 

 scarlet fever. (Health officer Portland, Oreg.) 



See inclosures. [Appendix G.] (Health officer Providence, R. I.) 



No other tests possible that I know of. Competent inspection and insistence 

 of rule [Appendix G] and immediate study of all reported cases of these dis- 

 eases (with reference to milk included) accomplish a great deal. (Health 

 officer Richmond, Va. ) 



No; the determination of outbreaks of milk-borne typhoid and diphtheria 

 can be determined in other ways. (Health officer Rochester, N. Y.) 



No ; I think not. I believe inspection by our sanitary and medical department 

 covers this feature fully, at least in this city. (Health officer Seattle, Wash.) 



Yes. (Health officer Syracuse, N. Y.) 



Only such tests as carefully-organized inspection of dairies supplemented 

 by good laboratory work should give. (Health officer Topeka, Kans.) 



Very strict inspection would be necessary, and experience shows that to be 

 often inefficient. (Straus Laboratory, Washington, D. C.) 



A thorough physical test should be maintained. (John Thomas, Ednor, Md., 

 president Milk Producers' Association.) 



Bacteriologists say the discovery of disease germs is speculative. Pasteuri- 

 zation would not make it any safer. (Sharon Dairy, District of Columbia.) 



There are no tests applicable in cattle for typhoid or diphtheria, as cattle 

 do not suffer from true or pseudo forms of typhoid or diphtheria, these dis- 

 eases being of human type. The only safeguard in cases of this nature is 

 proper and frequent sanitary inspection of all dairies and their surroundings, 

 and scientific sanitary handling of the milk from cow to consumer. We pay 

 the dairyman for his milk as if he delivered it, so as to remove any incentive 

 to deliver milk while any person on his farm is ill with a contagious disease. 

 (Borden's Condensed Milk Co., New York, N. Y.) 



I know of no tests for the different germs of disease that it would be prac- 

 tical to apply. (Walker-Gordon Laboratory, Washington, D. C.) 



Cleanliness. (Dr. V. C. Vaughan, Ann Arbor, Mich.) 



I believe that constant inspection should be maintained, including exam- 

 ination of farms, water supplies, cows, barns, utensils, and milk itself. (Dr. 

 S. C. Prescott, Boston, Mass.) 



No. Have good sanitary inspection at dairies. (Health officer Los Angeles, 

 Cal.) 



No. (J. M. Houston, White Cross Milk Co., Washington, D. C.) 



Yes; if it can be done practically. (Health officer San Francisco, Cal.) 



I think that strict rules regulating the handling of milk from the time it 

 is milked until it reaches the consumer, and sufficient inspection to see that the 

 rules are enforced, would accomplish more than any test. (Health officer St. 

 Joseph, Mo.) 



