THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 173 



Under similar conditions. (Health officer Ann Arbor, Mich.) 



I do not know; it is said that they do. (Health officer Baltimore, Md.) 



It is my opinion that they do in case that the milk should receive a rein- 

 fection. (Health officer Birmingham, Ala.) 



Yes. (Health officer Bismarck, N. Dak.) 



No. (Health officer Cleveland, Ohio.) 



Yes. (Health officer Columbus, Ohio.) 



Yes. (Health officer Detroit, Mich.) 



More rapidly in pasteurized milk, as raw milk has some germicidal prop- 

 erties. (Health officer Jacksonville, Fla.) 



If milk remains at body temperature, multiply more so in raw milk. Milk 

 is a perfect medium for bacterial growth. (Health officer Kansas City, Mo.) 



Yes; I believe so. (Health officer Lynchburg, Va.) 



Look up any authority on pasteurization. Our information is from these 

 authorities rather than from experience. (Health officer Montclair, N. J.) 



Yes; but are delayed for a time by pasteurization. (Health officer Port- 

 land, Oreg.) 



If dairies kept clean, no. (Health officer Providence, R. I.) 



More rapidly as a rule. (Health officer Richmond, Va.) 



More so. (Health officer Rochester, N. Y.) 



Much faster, in my opinion, after the milk is 48 hours old. (Health officer 

 Seattle, Wash.) 



Theoretically, yes. (Health officer Syracuse, N. Y.) 



More so, especially if pasteurization be at all inefficiently done. (Health 

 officer Topeka, Kans. ) 



Yes; if given a chance to get in after pasteurization. (Straus Laboratory, 

 Washington, D. C.) 



Yes; faster. Raw milk has germicidal properties. (Sharon Dairy, District 

 of Columbia.) 



Under advantageous conditions certain germs will multiply much more 

 rapidly in pasteurized milk than in raw milk, due to the fact that in raw milk 

 when it has reached a certain acidity certain forms will entirely cease to 

 multiply, and most of the increase is due to harmless bacteria. This statement 

 is made on the average bacterial content as regards variety of species and 

 does not apply to special cases in which the harmful germs multiply much 

 more rapidly than the ordinary lactic. The latter case, however, being rare, 

 can almost be disregarded. (Borden's Condensed Milk Co., New York, N. Y.) 



A number of authorities claim more rapidly, owing to the absence of lactic 

 acid forming bacilli which destroy many of the other organisms. (Walker- 

 Gordon Laboratory, Washington, D. C.) 



Probably more rapidly. (Dr. S. C. Prescott, Boston, Mass.) 



Yes. (Health officer Los Angeles, Cal.) 



Yes; more so unless the pasteurization is proper and the milk produced 

 properly at the farm. (J. M. Houston, White Cross Milk Co., Washing- 

 ton, D. C.) 



Yes. (Health officer San Francisco, Cal.) 



Much more rapidly. (Health officer St. Joseph, Mo.) 



Yes. (Health officer Wheeling, W. Va.) 



Probably, yes; this depends to some extent upon the degree of heat. (Dr. 

 Samuel McC. Hamill, Philadelphia, Pa.) 



No. (Health officer Scranton, Pa.) 



QUESTION 7. Are pasteurizing machines controlled, so far as you know, ^y a 



monopoly t 



ANSWERS. 



No; there are eight or ten pasteurizing machines on the market, and so far 

 as the department knows they are independent. Certainly there is every 

 appearance of strong competition in the sale of the different makes. (Chief 

 Bureau of Animal Industry.) 



Not that I am aware. (Surgeon General U. S. Army.) 



None that we know of. (Surgeon General U. S. Navy.) 



I have no knowledge of any monopoly of pasteurizing machines. (Surgeon 

 General Public Health and Marine-Hospital Service.) 



They are not. (Dr. William H. Park, New York, N. Y.) 



Not to my knowledge. (Dr. Henry L. Coit, Newark, N, J.) 



