188 THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 



Careless contamination or a high temperature, or stale milk. (Health 

 officer Atlanta, Ga.) 



Uncleanliness and improper temperature. (Health officer Baltimore, Md.) 



One or all of the following things : Bad methods, improper cooling, too much 

 delay in the delivery of the milk. (Health officer Birmingham, Ala.) 



Insanitary methods of collecting and improper cooling. (Health officer Bis- 

 marck* N. Dak. ) 



That the milk at some stage was seeded either heavily or lightly, and that 

 conditions of temperature at some time or other were favorable for growth. 

 (Health officer Burlington, Vt.) 



Degree of contamination, degree of efficiency attained in cooling and the age. 

 Kind are more significant than the number of bacteria. (Health officer Cleve- 

 land, Ohio.) 



Old milk, warm milk, dirty milk. (Health officer Columbus, Ohio.) 



Contamination. (Health officer Detroit, Mich.) 



Dirt in milk always gives a high bacterial content Milk containing only a 

 few bacteria at first, but kept at warm temperature the bacteria increase in 

 numbers, and soon the bacterial content is high, even though the milk was 

 produced under cleanly conditions. (State board of health, Florida.) 



Careless methods of handling milk. (Health officer Jacksonville, Fla.) 



Source of contamination, after milk leaves cow's udder. (Health officer 

 Kansas City, Mo.) 



Either that the milk is old or insanitary. (Health officer Lynchburg, Va.) 



Either diseased condition, filth, or carelessness at time of milking, or ineffi- 

 ciently low temperature of storage. (Health officer Montclair, N. J.) 



Usually improper handling of milk from milker to consumer. (Health officer 

 Portland, Oreg. ) 



That milk has not been properly handled. (Health officer Providence, R. I.) 



One (or more, or all) of conditions given under 1 on this page (i. e., dirty 

 production, failure to cool promptly and efficiently, and to keep cool, or keeping 

 milk too long. (Health officer Richmond, Va.) 



Dirt and warm milk. (Health officer Rochester, N. Y.) 



Indicates diseases udder or teats, old milk, or contaminated milk. (Health 

 officer Seattle, Wash.) 



Unclean methods of production or handling or both. Long time intervening 

 between production and plating. Not low temperature kept between production 

 and plating. (Health officer Topeka, Kans.) 



Usually either dirty methods of milking and handling, or diseased cows, or 

 old milk. (Straus Laboratory, Washington, D. C.) 



It indicates that the milk was not immediately cooled after being drawn from 

 the cow, or the temperature was allowed to raise higher than it should some 

 time between the milking and the delivery of the milk. (Sharon Dairy, District 

 of Columbia. ) 



A high bacterial count as a rule indicates either, first, that the milk has been 

 kept at too high temperature, or, second, that it has been kept too long. (Bor- 

 den's Condensed Milk Co., New York, N. Y.) 



A continued high bacterial content indicates want of care in either the cleanli- 

 ness or the cooling of the milk. (Walker-Gordon Laboratory, Washington, D. C.) 



Little. (Dr. V. C. Vaughan, Ann Arbor, Mich.) 



Either dirt, age, or high temperature. Expert can generally decide which. 

 (Dr. S. C. Prescott, Boston, Mass.) 



Improper methods of handling milk. (Health officer Los Angeles, Cal.) 



Unclean conditions and contamination somewhere along the line. (J. M. 

 Houston, White Cross Milk Co., Washington, D. C.) 



Uncleanly conditions, contamination, heat, old milk. (Health officer San 

 Francisco, Cal. ) 



Either old milk, dirty milk, or milk kept at too high temperature. (Health 

 officer St. Joseph, Mo.) 



Usually dirt, old milk, carelessness in handling. (Health officer Wheeling 

 W. Va.) 



Carelessness in production or in subsequent handling. (Dr. Samuel McC. 

 Hamill, Philadelphia, Pa.) 



Dirty dairies, old milk, or milk kept at a high temperature. (Health officer 

 Scranton, Pa. ) 



