200 THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 



agency in the spread of scarlet fever and diphtheria. ( Surgeon General U. S. 

 Army. ) 



There seems to be sufficient evidence of the fact that all these diseases may be 

 transmitted through milk extent unknown. Surgeon General U. S. Navy.) 



To a very great extent. The influence of milk in the transmission of typhoid 

 fever, diphtheria, scarlet fever, and tuberculosis is plainly set forth in Hy- 

 gienic Laboratory Bulletins Nos. 35, 44, 52, and 65. (Surgeon General Public 

 Health and Marine-Hospital Service.) 



In order or importance, I place these diseases in the following order : Typhoid 

 fever, tuberculosis (in children), scarlet fever, diphtheria. (Dr. William H. 

 Park, New York, N. Y.) 



The Marine-Hospital Service has published statistics on these points. It is 

 my judgment that milk is a larger factor in producing these diseases than is at 

 present known. (Dr. Henry L. Coit, Newark, N. J.) 



Causes many epidemics of typhoid, scarlet fever, and diphtheria. Tubercu- 

 losis: About one-third of the cases under 15 years of age examined are of 

 bovine, probably of milk, origin. (Dr. R. G. Freeman, New York, N. Y.) 



Conditions vary. There is no doubt that many epidemics have been caused 

 through milk. Tuberculosis is frequently caused in children. In New York 

 300 children die each year from milk infection. (Dr. M. P. Ravenel, Madi- 

 son, Wis.) 



Can not be stated quantitatively, but it is an important factor in all four 

 diseases. (Dr. C. E. A. Winslow, New York, N. Y.) 



Very potent factor in typhoid and scarlet fever particularly. (Health officer 

 Ann Arbor, Mich.) 



In Atlanta we have occasional outbreaks in some neighborhoods which can 

 be traced to some dairy. (Health officer Atlanta, Ga.) 



It is considerably difficult to estimate, but in typhoid fever it is a considerable 

 factor. (Health officer Baltimore, Md.) 



Milk is regarded as an excellent culture medium for any of these disease 

 germs, but we have no statistics at hand to indicate the amount of infection 

 carried in this manner. No person suffering with any one of these diseases 

 should be allowed to have any connection with the production and the handling 

 of milk. (Health officer Birmingham, Ala.) 



It is a very important means of disseminating them. (Health officer Bis- 

 marck, N. Dak.) 



It may be and sometimes is a dangerous medium for the transmission of 

 infectious disease. (Health officer Columbus, Ohio.) 



The proportion of these diseases transmitted by milk is considerable, the per- 

 centage depending upon a host of factors, as inspection, amount of milk pas- 

 teurized in any given community. (Health officer Cleveland, Ohio.) 



In direct ratio to the prevalence of these diseases among those who handle 

 it. (Health officer Detroit, Mich.) 



Only when diphtheria, scarlet fever, or typhoid fever prevails on the premises 

 where the milk is produced, does it occasionally become a factor in the spread 

 of these diseases, but wherever the milk of tuberculous herds is used there is 

 danger of tuberculosis. (State board of health, Florida.) 



I do not believe milk epidemics play a very important part, but it deserves 

 close watching. (Health officer Jacksonville, Fla.) 



A producer of epidemics if brought in contact with infected persons. (Health 

 officer Kansas City, Mo.) 



An important factor and should be closely watched. (Health officer Lynch- 

 burg, Va.) 



Many epidemics of the first three diseases have been traced to milk. Ex- 

 periments show that about 10 per cent of all tuberculosis deaths under 5 years 

 of age are of bovine origin. (Health officer Montclair, N. J.) 



Certainly carriers. (Health officer Portland, Oreg.) 



To a considerable extent (Health officer Providence, R. I.) 



In the past three and one-half years we have had efficient control over milk, 

 and also thorough medical inspection of every case of these diseases. During 

 that time we have had seven cases of diphtheria due to milk, and no other 

 diseases above mentioned at all. The tuberculosis question is still " sub judice." 

 (Health officer Richmond, Va.) 



Considerable. (Health officer Rochester, N. Y.) 



It is a factor in each disease ; unimportant, in my opinion, in diphtheria and 

 scarlet fever ; very important ' in typhoid fever and tuberculosis. (Health 

 officer Seattle, Wash.) 



