272 THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 



Rule 49. Condition and care of cows for production of milk. The cows must 

 be healthy and free from tuberculosis. If an examination by the dairy inspector 

 shows evidence of excessive emaciation, glandular enlargement, nodular forma- 

 tions, mastitis, tumor, recent parturition, cough, dyspnoea, fever, pneumonia, 

 exhaustion, lockjaw, blackleg, anthrax hemorrhagic septicemia, or any other 

 infectious disease, or any evidence of tuberculosis, the milk of the herd shall 

 be declared infected until the unhealthy cow or cows have been removed and 

 until an acceptable statement from a recognized, licensed veterinarian or regular 

 dairy inspector is filed with the milk division showing that such suspicious cow 

 or cows are free from infectious disease. Milk from cows reacting to tuberculin 

 shall be rejected unless it shall have first been pasteurized at a temperature of 

 175 F. or over for 30 seconds or longer in a stream not more than a quarter of 

 an inch thick. Milk from cows 15 days before and 1 week after calving shall 

 be rejected. Cows must be kept as clean as possible on flanks, belly, udder, 

 and tail. Long hair must be clipped from the udder and sufficiently from the 

 tail to clear the ground. The feeding of slops, refuse of any distillery or brew- 

 ery, glucose, or any malt and ensilage that has been subject to fermentation, 

 putrefaction, or decomposition is prohibited. Pure water in sufficient quantities 

 must be at hand at all times. The cows must not be overheated by hard driv- 

 ing, nor be allowed to stand in mudholes, dirty sloughs, or ditches. Mudholes, 

 dirty sloughs, and ditches shall not be allowed to exist in the pastures or cow 

 yards where cows for the production of milk are kept. 



Rule 50. Condition of barnyard for production of clean milk. The barnyard 

 or cow yard must be kept reasonably clean and free from mud, soft manure, and 

 must be well drained. Piles and heaps of manure shall not be less than 25 

 feet away from any stable door or window between December 1 and April 1 

 and not less than 300 feet away during the other months of the year. 



Rule 51. Stable for production of clean milk. The floors must be tight, pref- 

 erably constructed of cement, and free from defects. The ceilings should be 

 tight if a storage loft is kept above. The walls should be whitewashed every 

 spring and fall and kept clean at all times. Each cow must have at least 400 

 cubic feet of air space, and there must be ample provision for movement of air 

 and ventilation, so that the air never gets foul. At least 2 square feet of unob- 

 structed window-glass space shall be provided for each cow. Soiled bedding 

 must be removed daily and the manure must be removed from the stalls 

 and open manure gutters twice a day. All bedding, removing of manure, sweep- 

 ing, and cleaning of mangers must be done at least one-half hour before milking. 

 The stable must be reasonably free from flies. Cats and dogs must not be per- 

 mited in the stable. 



Rule 52. Milkers in relation to production of clean milk. Milkers should 

 neither have nor come in contact with contagious disease. Should any case of 

 communicable disease such as scarlet fever, smallpox, typhoid fever, diphtheria, 

 measles, or chicken pox occur on the dairy farm among the milkers or their 

 families, the division of milk inspection must be promptly notified. 



The contagious diseases of importance in relation to milk are: 



CONSUMPTION. 



Milkers and attendants in the cow stable and milk room should be free from 

 tuberculosis. A consumptive can be harmless if he is intelligent and can be 

 trusted to carry out the physician's instructions, viz, to receive all the sputum 

 in a sputum cup or on clean cloths and properly destroy it by fire or immersing 

 in 1 to 5,000 bichloride or 5 per cent carbolic-acid solution. 



Consumptives should never be allowed to cough without using a clean cloth 

 before their mouth, and under no circumstances be permitted to moisten their 

 hands with saliva before milking. They should always wash their hands well 

 before beginning to milk and after each handling of sputum cloths. If the indi- 

 vidual can not be relied upon to do this at all times he should be excluded from 

 the dairy and given employment out of doors. 



If consumption occurs in the milker's family or in the family of the farmer 

 where the milker is rooming or boarding, the same instructions in regard to the 

 care and disposition of the sputum should be issued. 



In case of death, the house should be thoroughly disinfected by using 8 

 ounces of formaline to 1,000 cubic feet, spread upon sheets left in the rooms for 

 8 hours, with the windows and doors tightly closed. 



