382 THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

 MEMORANDUM FOB DR. WILEY. 



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 



BUREAU OF CHEMISTRY, 

 Washington, D. C., December 1, 1910. 



In the inspection of milk shipped into interstate commerce the bureau adheres 

 to the standards promulgated by the Secretary of Agriculture respecting the 

 composition of milk. 



No prosecutions are actually brought, however, for the shipment of milk 

 which very nearly complies with those standards. Prosecutions have been 

 successfully maintained for the shipment in interstate commerce of milk shown 

 by chemical analysis to be adulterated, as, for instance, by skimming, by the 

 addition of water or ice, or by the addition of formaldehyde. Prosecutions 

 have also been maintained for the shipment of badly contaminated milk on 

 the ground that it was filthy, decomposed, and putrid, and contained filthy, 

 decomposed, and putrid material. This question is judged by its bacteriological 

 condition. 



There are now pending in the court, or preparing for the courts, about 170 

 cases of violations of the food and drugs act by shipping adulterated milk and 

 cream. The following notices of judgment, copies of which are attached hereto, 

 refer to cases which have already been prosecuted : N. J. 5, 37, 81, 88, 125, 132, 

 185, 206, 214, 219, 223, 228, 229, 241, 264, 265, 267, 268, 273, 285, 287, 307, 308, 312, 

 331, 335, 336, 338, 347, 370, 419, 420, 421, 423, 425, 430, 437, 445, 446, 451, 460, 

 479. 484, 485, 502, 503, 510, 512, 513, 514, 515, 517, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 

 528, 538, 557, 558, 586, 587, 588, 590, 607, 628, 629, 632, and 638. 



W. D. BIGELOW. 



APPENDIX O. 



SUGGESTIONS CONCERNING SANITARY ARRANGEMENTS FOR DAIRY FARMS. 



By ED. H. WEBSTER, Chief of Dairy Division, Bureau of Animal Industry, United 

 States Department of Agriculture. 



[Reprinted from Bulletin No. 56, Hygienic Laboratory, United States Public Health and 

 Marine-Hospital Service, pp. 570, 571.] 



TWENTY-ONE SUGGESTIONS. 

 THE cows. 



1. Have the herd examined frequently by a skilled veterinarian. Promptly 

 remove any animals suspected of being in bad health. Never add an animal to 

 the herd until certain it is free from disease, especially tuberculosis. 



2. Never allow a cow to be excited by hard driving, abuse, loud talking, or 

 unnecessary disturbances ; do not unduly expose her to cold or storms. 



3. Clean the entire body of the cow daily. Hair in the region of the 'udder 

 should be kept short. Wipe the udder and surrounding parts with a clean, 

 damp cloth before milking. 



4. Do not allow any strong flavored feed, such as garlic, cabbage, or turnips. 

 to be eaten except immediately after milking. 



5. Salt should always be accessible. 



6. Radical changes in feed should be made gradually. 



7. Have fresh, pure water in abundance, easy of access, and not too cold. 



THE STABLES. 



8. Dairy cattle should be kept in a stable where no other animals are housed, 

 preferably without cellar or storage loft. Stable should be light (4 square feet 

 of glass per cow) and dry, with at least 500 cubic feet of air to each animal. 

 It should have air inlets and outlets, so arranged as to give good ventilation 

 without drafts of air on cows. The presence of flies may be reduced by dark- 

 ening the stable and removing the manure as directed below. 



