THE MILK SITUATION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 419 



where pasteurization is rigidly carried out they have not been visited with the 

 epidemic of typhoid and scarlet fever for many years, caused through milk. We 

 are at the present time building the second largest pasteurizing plant in this 

 city. The one now in the course of construction, which possibly will be done in 

 three months longer, has a capacity of pasteurizing 100,000 quarts of milk in 

 6 hours and making 100 tons of ice in 24 hours, besides cooling all the milk 

 that comes in the plant. Ice should be looked upon as more or less of a by- 

 product that can be manufactured by large milk-pasteurizing plants and brew- 

 eries. To carry on either you certainly have to have a certain amount of 

 refrigeration, and you practically have to keep them going night and day. By 

 adding more units to your refrigerating than you require for the milk business 

 it keeps everybody employed for the 24 hours, and with all conditions favorable, 

 ice at $1.80 per ton, delivered to the dealer, would net a plant of these conditions 

 $1 per ton net, which will go a long way toward paying the interest on the whole 

 investment. 



Now, as to building one in Washington, I will just recommend a few things 

 t consider first. Be sure and get on the railroad, so that you can switch the 

 milk and the coal and what other articles you need direct into your plant. Be 

 sure and have plenty of good, cold water. I would recommend artesian wells. 

 The colder the water is the less amount of refrigeration it requires to cool the 

 milk and also lessens the expense of manufacturing ice. If you could buy a 

 good-sized plot of ground for $50,000, it would cost you to put up the proper 

 kind of a building $175,000, and for your machinery of all descriptions, both ice, 

 electricity, and milk machinery, possibly $150,000. I should think with the 

 proper machinery installed, and as Washington is a great consumer of ice, that 

 you could make enough on your ice to pay at least 4 per cent on the whole 

 investment, and all it would cost you for the pasteurization, particularly if you 

 did not bottle it all, would be a very trifling sum. 



If I can be of any service to you, and you visit my office, I will show you the 

 plans that we have laid down in this new operation. 



If you should decide to build such a plant it would be good judgment to visit 

 several plants to get the most economical and scientific methods of handling the 

 milk, as there can be great economics worked out by so doing with proper 

 construction. 



Yours, very respectfully, LOTON HOBTON. 



APPENDIX AN. 



PRIVATE PASTEURIZING PLANTS IN OPERATION IN DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 



Pasteurizing plants are at present operated in connection with the Washing- 

 ton milk supply by George M. Oyster, jr., J. J. Bowles, W. A. Simpson, the 

 Belniont Dairy Co., J. W. Gregg, and the Nathan Straus Laboratory (in the 

 District of Columbia), the Baltimore & Washington White Cross Milk Co. (at 

 Frederick, Md.), the Tri-State Sanitary Milk Co. (at Cumberland, Md.), and 

 the International Milk Products Co. (at Cooperstown, N. Y.) ; also by the fol- 

 lowing establishments which ship only cream, so far as is known, to the Dis- 

 trict of Columbia: The Cha pin-Sacks Co. (Buckeystown, Md., and Woodstock, 

 Va. ) and the Rosemary Creamery Co. (Adams, N. Y.). 



APPENDIX AO. 



AGREEMENT BETWEEN MEDICAL MILK COMMISSION OF ESSEX COUNTY, 

 N. J., AND STEPHEN FRANCISCO, DATED MAY 19, 1893, FOR FURNISHING 



CERTIFIED MILK. 



COPY OF THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE MEDICAL MILK COMMISSION OF ESSEX 

 COUNTY, N. J., AND STEPHEN FRANCISCO, OF CALDWELL, N. J., DATED MAY 19, 

 1893. 



The following agreement, made this 19th day of May, 1893, between Henry L. 

 Coit, M. D., of Newark, N. J. ; Theroii Y. Sutphen, M. D., of Newark, N. J. ; 

 William B. Graves, M. D., of East Orange, N. J. ; L. Eugene Hollister, M. D., 



