Who First Used the Term? 17 



investigator's or the specialist's viewpoint, and 

 it was intended primarily for students and 

 adults. 



The present nature-study movement, as I 

 have said, is a product of the elementary 

 schools, not of universities, although many 

 university and college men have been instru- 

 mental in forwarding it. Cornell was perhaps 

 the first university to take it up as a distinct 

 enterprise (1895), hut the movement was 

 already well under way in many places at that 

 time. At this institution it became an extension- 

 teaching movement. Professor C. F. Hodge 

 of Clark University, under the inspiration of 

 Stanley Hall, began popular work in nature- 

 study in 1897. The Cornell work is not so 

 much a school enterprise as a movement to make 

 use of the schools to reach the people on the 

 farms. This work, more than any other per- 

 haps, has emphasized the nature-sympathy and 

 the nature-relations. 



The beginnings of nature-teaching are cer- 

 tainly as old as the time of Socrates and Aris- 

 totle. It is concretely expressed in the work 



