XX , ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



I. DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHY (Continued) PAGE 



B. Geography is study of the life of the earth 283 



1. Not mere study of form and structure, the earth as 



it is. 



2. Must include study of action and processes, the 



development of the earth. 



II. CLOSE RELATION BETWEEN NATURE STUDY AND GEOGRAPHY, 283 

 III. How CAN NATURE STUDY BE MADE MOST HELPFUL IN 



GEOGRAPHY? 284 



A. Practical importance of question . 285 



B. How can nature study in lower grades be made most 



helpful as a preparation for geography ? 285 



1. Physical environment of child includes: 



a. The earth as a planet. 



b. The earth itself and its three envelopes, 



land, water, air. 



c. The inhabitants of the earth, plants, ani- 



mals, man. 



2. Study of earth as a planet. 



a. Conception too difficult for young children. 



b. Preparatory observational work. 



3. Study of earth itself, including earth forces, earth 



materials, earth forms. 



a. Study of earth forces, beginning with water, 



air, and heat. 



b. Study of earth materials, water, air, min- 



erals, rocks, soil. 



. Study of earth forms, or forms of land and 

 water. 



4. Study of inhabitants of earth, plants, animals, 



and man. 



5. Necessity for man study, as well as nature study, as 



a basis for geography. 



C. How can work in nature study in upper grades be made 



most helpful in geography ? 290 



1. Systematic study of relations between earth and 



other heavenly bodies. 



2. Intensive study of minerals and rocks. 



a. Those most abundant as earth materials. 



b. Those of greatest economic importance. 



3. Study of aerial envelope or weather study. 



4. Emphasis on practical or economic aspects of plant 



and animal study and on physics. 



IV. NATURE STUDY MUST BE MORE THAN AN ADJUNCT TO GEOG- 

 RAPHY. WE MUST KEEP IN MlND HIGHER AlMS AND 



VALUE OF NATURE STUDY 292 



