ANALYTICAL TABLE OF CONTENTS. xxiii 



III. INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES (Continued) PAGE 



C. Arranging work in two cycles 316 



1. First cycle first four years work extensive. 



2. Second cycle going over same ground intensively. 



IV. INFLUENCE OF OTHER CONDITIONS ON SELECTION AND SE- 



QUENCE OF MATERIAL 316 



A. Of season and climate 316 



1. Study life sciences when nature is awake. 



a. Plants mainly in the spring. 



b. Animals mainly in fall. 



2. Study physical sciences during winter. 



3. Some animal work (birds) in spring, and some plant 



work (seeds and fruits) in fall. 



B. Of teacher . 318 



1. Of her interests. 



2. Of her preparation for nature study. 



a. Teachers usually hest prepared for plant study 



and elementary physics. 



b. Lack of preparation limits teacher to one or 



two lines of nature work at one time. 



C. Of local school conditions 321 



1. Of time devoted to nature study. When time is 



very limited study : 



a. Plants and elementary physics in lower grades. 



b. Plants, animals, minerals, physics, in upper 



grades. 



2. Of amount and character of previous work in nature 



study. 



a. When beginning, best work done by younger 



pupils. 



b. In beginning, better to introduce into lower 



grades alone than into upper grades alone. 



c. When beginning, begin in all grades with 



foundation work. 



3. Of tendency of pupils to drop out of school in in- 



termediate grades. 

 a. Reason for arranging course in two cycles. 



4. Of equipment for work. 



a. Only home-made equipment essential. 

 6. Complex costly apparatus detrimental, 

 c. Science laboratory may be a detriment. 



D. Of location of school 32;? 



1. That best which is most common in vicinity of 



school. 



2. That suggested in course of study which is most 



widely distributed. 



3. Relative emphasis on topics influenced by local 



conditions and interests. 



4. Material for study in cities. 



