46 NEW AMERICAN ORCHARDIST. 



decay and to perish. The trees which I saw thus trained, 

 at the GARDEN OF PLANTS, were set in very compact 

 order, or about seven feet asunder; but Mr. Dalbret 

 prefers ten feet asunder each way, as the most suit- 

 able distance for pear trees thus trained. I found this 

 system of training and of spur pruning was perfectly un- 

 derstood by the experienced cultivators in the vicinity of 

 Paris. Mr. Dalbret has published a work on the subject. 

 Spur Pruning, as practised on the pear and other fruit 

 trees, by experienced cultivators in the vicinity of Boston, 

 is thus performed : Near the base of the young wood of 

 the year, is always to be seen a cluster of eyes; in the 

 middle of July they cut off the twig above the eye which 

 is next above the cluster of eyes which are at the base, so 

 that only the upper eye bursts. The middle of September 

 they cut below this eye, and the next year numerous fruit 

 spurs proceed from this cluster, which will produce fruit 

 in the following year, or the year after. Vines are also 

 pruned by this mode. 



SUBS. 5th. DWARFING. Grafting and its Effects. 

 The effect of grafting in rendering trees suddenly pro- 

 ductive is well known. This effect is produced on the 

 principles before explained. 



Dwarfs are extensively used in France for almost every 

 variety of fruit tree, particularly those called Qucnouilles. 

 And they are asserted by them and the English writers to 

 be not only admirably adapted to large fruits, as they are 

 not so much exposed to high winds, but for pears, more 

 especially, they are declared to produce better fruit. A 

 new mode of dwarfing the pear has lately been introduced 

 to practice in France. The quince is inoculated on the 

 pear stock, and after this has grown a" year, the pear is in- 

 oculated into the quince, an inch above the insertion of 

 the preceding year. The advantages of this mode are 

 many ; the section of the quince, being thus elevated, is 

 not so liable to the attacks of the borer as at the surface 

 of the earth. The roots of the pear and those of the 

 quince, require different soils. [See PEAR and QUINCE.] 

 It is asserted that the pear should be dwarfed only for the 

 production of summer fruit. As an argument to prove 

 that the fruit of the pear thus produced cannot partake of 

 the austere quality of the quince, it is asserted that both 



