280 NEW AMERICAN ORCHARDIST. 



cellent system for vineyard or open culture. His plan is 

 as follows : 



From a strong, vertical stem, of about four or five feet in 

 height, eight branches alternate, are in the third year 

 trained horizontally, four on each side, and secured to the 

 horizontal rails of the trellis ; the destined space allotted to 

 each being eight feet from the centre. Four only of these 

 are destined, and to be reserved for producing fruit in the 

 following year, namely, two branches alternate, on each 

 side, each of which is to be shortened in autumn to eight 

 feet. The other four branches are cut off, at the same time, 

 to within one eye of the vertical stem ; and in the following 

 year, these same eyes will throw out the four branches of 

 reserve, which are to be trained horizontally to their des- 

 tined rails, as before, and deprived of their lateral shoots, as 

 produced. While those other four branches, after they have 

 once produced fruit, are never suffered to bear fruit again, 

 or to remain, but are in their turn cut off in the autumn to 

 within an eye of the stem, to furnish the reserve wood for 

 the next year. And thus the system is continued. 



The following mode is recommended for vineyard cul- 

 ture. It conforms, in the main, to the mode recommended 

 by Mr. Bartram ; and also to the system of Mr. Cobbett, after 

 its partial inversion; but differs in some essential particu- 

 lars from both. 



The first year, suffer but a single shoot, and that the low- 

 est, to grow ; the supernumerary ones are to be checked 

 and taken off gradually ; this shoot is to be trained to a 

 pole, the lateral shoots to be taken off as they are produced, 

 at the distance of a single eye from the main stem. When 

 a few feet in height, the top is occasionally nipped in. 

 Late in October, cut this down to three good eyes ; in No- 

 vember, (if a European vine,) bury with leaves, litter, or 

 soil. The next year, three good eyes only are suffered to 

 grow, which are to be trained to a pole and pruned, as be- 

 fore. In autumn, preserve the two uppermost, which, if 

 strong, must be cut to the length of five feet, and trimmed 

 throughout, and secured to the surface by hooks, and cov- 

 ered with soil. The remaining one is shortened to three 

 good eyes, and buried, as in the former year. In the fol- 

 lowing spring, two good stakes will be required ; the vines, 

 left at full length, are each to be twisted several times around 

 a pole, and secured at the top, and these will throw out 



