BOVINE 13 



2. SUBGENUS BIBOS. 



Bibos, Hodgson, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. vi, p. 499, 1837. 



Gavaeus, Hodgson, op. cit. vol. xvi, p. 706, 1847. 



Gauribos, Heude, Mem. Hist. Nat. Emp. Chin. vol. v, pt. 1, p. 3, 



1891. 



Uribos, Heude, op. cit. p. 5. 

 Bubalibos, Heude, loc. cit. 



Forehead shorter than in typical Bos, the interval between 

 base of horn-core and orbit less ; horns generally more or less 

 elliptical in section, especially near the base, tail relatively 

 shorter, reaching little if at all below hocks ; a more or less 

 distinct ridge extending from nape and withers to middle 

 of back, where it terminates suddenly. Bulls generally 

 darker in colour than cows and calves; legs below knees 

 and hocks white or whitish. Hair short, fine and glossy, 

 with no elongation on neck or elsewhere. Hoofs narrow and 

 pointed. 



Thirteen pairs of ribs ; neural spines of dorsal vertebrae 

 very tall, their summits forming a nearly straight line from 

 the third to the eleventh, and then making a sudden drop to 

 the thirteenth. 



The subgenus contains the following two species : 



a. No white on back of thighs or horny mass between 



horns B. gaurus. 



b. Typically a large white disc on back of thighs ; a 



. horny mass connecting bases of horns B.banteng. 



II. BOS (BIBOS) GAUEUS. 



Bos gaurus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. iv, p. 399, 

 1827 ; Evans, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, vol. vi, p. 223, pi. xvi, 1837 ; 

 Elliot, ibid. vol. x, p. 572, 1841 ; Blyth, ibid. vol. xi, p. 444, 

 1842, vol. xxi, p. 433, 1852, vol. xxxi, p. 336, 1862; Flower and 

 Garson, Cat. Osteol. Mus. E. Coll. Surg. pt. ii, p. 227, 1884 ; 

 Blanford, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1890, p. 592, Fauna Brit. India, 

 Mamm. p. 484, 1891; W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. 

 pt. ii, p. 124, 1891 ; Huet, Bull. Soc. Acclim. Paris, vol. xxxviii, 

 p. 12, 1891 ; Ward, Records of Big Game, p. 270, 1896 ; Pollok, 

 Zoologist, ser. 4, vol. ii, p. 2, 1898; Lydekker, Great and Small 

 Game of India, etc. p. 40, 1901, The Ox and Its Kindred, p. 201, 

 1912 ; Pococlc, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1910, p. 933. 



Bos (Bison) gaurus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom, vol. v, 

 p. 373, 1827. 



