BOVINE 37 



especially the form and relations of the lachrymal so 

 markedly to the American species that it is regarded by him 

 as more nearly related to the latter than to the former. It 

 has, however, all the essential characteristics of B. lonasus ; 

 and, on the assumption that the ancestors of B. bison reached 

 America by way of Bering Strait, it is only natural to 

 expect that the Caucasian bison, as the most eastern 

 representative of B. bonasus, should exhibit an approximation 

 to the American species. 



This race is now restricted to an area of about 125 miles 

 in diameter on the northern flank of the main range of the 

 Caucasus in the neighbourhood of the sources of the rivers 

 Laba and Biellaia, extending eastwards to the head-waters of 

 the Zellentchak. 



92. 3. 15. 1. Skin and skeleton, mounted. Western 

 Caucasus. Height 5 feet 11 inches. 



Presented by St. George Littledale, Esq., 1892. 



92. 3. 15. 2. Skin and skeleton, female, mounted. 

 Western Caucasus. Same history. 



VI. BOS (BISON) BISON. 



Bos bison, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. p. 72, 1757, ed. 12, vol. i, p. 99, 

 1766 ; Lydekker, The Ox and Its Kindred, p. 216, 1912. 



Bos americanus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. vol. i, p. 204, 1788 ; Richardson, 

 Fauna Bor. Amer. p. 279, 1829 ; Jardine, Naturalist's Library, 

 Mamm. vol. iv, p. 252, 1836; Sundevall, K. Svenska Vet.-Ak. 

 Handl. 1844, p. 154, 1846 ; Baird, Mamm. N. America, p. 682, 

 1859 ; Gerrard, Cat. Bones Mamm. Brit. Mus. p. 230, 1862 ; 

 W. L. Sclater, Cat. Mamm. Ind. Mus. pt. ii, p. 131, 1891 ; Huet, 

 Bull. Soc. Acclim. Paris, vol. xxxviii, p. 344, 1891 ; Flower and 

 Lydekker, Study of Mammals, p. 362, 1891 ; Ward, Records of 

 Big Game, p. 269, 1896. 



Bos (Bison) americanus, H. Smith, Griffith's Animal Kingdom* 

 vol. iv, p. 401, v, p. 374, 1827. 



Urus americanus, Sivainson, Classif. Quadrupeds, p. 280, 1835. 



Bos (Bonasus) americanus, Wagner, Schreber's Sdugthiere, Suppl. 

 vol. iv, p. 516, 1844 ; Turner, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1850, p. 174. 



Bison americanus, Gray, Knowsley Menagerie, p. 49, 1850, Cat. 

 Ungulata Brit. Mus. p. 38, 1852, Cat. Ruminants Brit. Mus. 

 p. 14, 1872 ; Riitimeyer, Denkschr. schweiz. Ges. vol. xxii, art. 3, 

 p. 91, 1867, Abh. schweiz. pal. Ges. vol. v, p. 189, 1878 ; Allen, 

 Mem. Mus. Harvard, vol. iv, p. 36, 1876 ; Flower and Garson, 

 Cat. Osteol. Mus. R. Coll. Surg. pt. ii,p. 231, 1884; Hornaday, 

 Rep. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1886-87, p. 378, 1889 ; Herrick, Mamm. 

 Minnesota, p. 260, 1892 ; Elliot, Synop. Mamm. N. Amer. (Zool. 



