38 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 



Pull. Field. Mus. vol. ii) p. 49, 1901; Hilzheimer, Mitt. K. 



Nat.-Jcab. Stuttgart, 1912, p. 252. 

 Bison bison, Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna, No. 5, p. 81, 1891 ; Ehoads, 



Amer. Naturalist, vol. xxxviii, p. 526, 1894, Proc. Acad. 



Philadelphia, 1895, p. 244, 189Y, p. 501 ; Elliot, Suppl. Synop. 



Mamm. N. Amer. (Zool. Pull. Field Mus. vol. ii) p. 486, 1901, 



Check-List. Mamm. N. Amer. (Zool. Publ. Field Mus. vol. vi) 



p. 57, 1905 ; Stone and Cram, American Animals, p. 66, 1903. 

 Bos (Bison) bison, Ward, Records of Big Game, ed. 6, p. 435, 1910 ; 



Lydekker, Wild Oxen, Sheep, and Goats, p. 79, 1898, Great and 



Small Game of Europe, etc. p. 303, 1901. 



AMERICAN BISON. 



Typical locality Texas. 



Smaller than B. bonasus (shoulder-height in adult males 

 about 5 feet, 9 inches) ; with a relatively larger head, shorter 

 horns of which the tips in old bulls become much worn 

 lower and weaker hind-quarters, a great mass of long hair on 

 crown of head and chin, and heavy fringes on upper part of 

 fore-legs of adult bulls. Long hair of head concealing large 

 ears and that of fore-quarters extending a considerable 

 distance along middle line of back and behind shoulder in 

 adult bulls ; summer coat of hind part of body quite short 

 and smooth, without the curliness of that of B. bonasus. 

 Colour much darker than in latter, being blackish brown, 

 passing into black on the long hair of the fore-quarters and 

 head. Horns set lower down on skull than in European 

 species, and skull with a more convex frontal region, and 

 still more tubular orbits. 



The range formerly included the area lying between the 

 Eocky Mountains and the Alleghanies, and from Mexico 

 northwards to the Peace Eiver ; the head-quarters being the 

 prairies between the Saskatchewan and the Eio Grande. 



A. Bos bison bison. 



Characters those of the species ; ears and tail-tip brown. 



The range includes that portion of the distributional 

 area of the species lying to the southward of the tract 

 inhabited by B. 1. athabascce. Typical locality Texas. 



*. Skin, mounted. Yellowstone. Collected by Dr. J. J. 

 Audubon. Purchased, 



* *. Skin, immature, mounted. 



Presented ly the Zoological Society. 



