2 CATALOGUE OF UNGULATES 



b. Horns present or absent in females ; when 



present in both sexes, spike-shaped. 



a'. Horns in the form of relatively short 



straight spikes. Face - glands 



present ; tail short or medium. 



Size small to large. 



a 2 . Horns frequently present in female. 

 Face-glands forming a line on 

 a bare streak. Head crested. 



Size medium or small Ceplialophince, 



6 2 , Horns (except in one race of Oreo- [p. 59. 



tragus) normally absent in 

 female. Face - glands not 

 forming a line on a bare streak. 

 Head not crested. Size small. 



a 3 . Hoofs truncated Oreotraginw, p. 122. 



fe 3 . Hoofs normal. 



a 4 . Muzzle with large bare area 

 , ., ., t '.', reaching hind angle of 



1 .* * '.; \, * nostrils Neotragince, p. 131 . 



,tf. Muzzle with small bare area, 

 *, ^ " not reachingmuch beyond 



*' * " " '"'" front angle of nostrils Madoquince, p. 172. 



b'. Horns (except in Pelea) not in the 

 form of relatively short straight 

 spikes ; absent in females. Face- 

 glands and (except in Pelea) foot- 

 glands wanting; tail medium. 

 Size, medium or large Reduncinw, p. 197. 



SUBFAMILY v. BUBALI1SLE. 



SIZE large. Tail medium or long, terminally crested or 

 clothed with long hairs. Muzzle with a small bare muffle 

 and large valvular nostrils, of which the lower margins are 

 clothed with short bristly hairs. Face-glands placed near 

 eyes, of an invaginated type, not forming a line of pores ; 

 foot-glands in a deep interdigital cleft, with the orifice 

 forming a long slit bordered above by a sharply defined line 

 in fore-feet, absent or rudimentary in hind feet ; apparently no 

 glands in groin. Teats 2 or 4. Lateral hoofs well developed. 

 Horns heteronymous, present in both sexes, relatively 

 large in females ; of moderate length, and either ridged, 

 upright, and doubly or singly curved, with smooth tips, or 

 smooth throughout, and directed at first mainly outwards or 

 downwards. Skull with shallow lachrymal depressions, but 

 no lachrymal vacuities or supraorbital pits. Upper molar 

 hypsodont, with narrow crowns, and no inner accessory 



