132 DUCKS. 



of neck slightly ringed with brownish ; back and sides can- 

 vassed with about equal proportions of black and white; be- 

 neath, white; bill, blue; feet, black; iris, orange, fig. 153. 

 Female, with black of male replaced with dark brown ; white 

 space at base of upper mandible, fig. 154. Young male, sim- 

 ilar and all stages occur between this and adults. Breeds far 

 north ; migrates south in Oct. to winter from the coast of the 

 middle States south ward as far as Guatemala; comes north in 

 April; common in N. E. in spring and autumn, often remain- 

 ing until Dec. Often occurs in large close flocks, or rafts, 

 and in rising flies in a close body. Usually found on salt 

 water but are sometimes seen on fresh. Nesting habits and 

 eggs similar to those of b, 1. 



2. LESSER SCAUP, F. AFFINIS. Smaller than 1, 17.00; 

 Fig. 153. head without the greenish 



gloss, otherwise similar. 

 Breeds a little further south 

 and occurs in the Bahamas 

 and West Indies in winter, 

 but otherwise range and 

 nesting habits similar. 



3. RING-NECKED 

 DUCK, F. COLLARIS. Dif- 

 fers from 2 in having the 

 speculum gray and a dis- 

 tinct reddish ring around 

 the neck. Breeding habits and range, similar. Occurs more 

 often on fresh waters than on salt and in not large flocks, 

 but frequently singly or in pairs. 



d. Black and White Ducks. Clang-ula. 

 Black and white ducks with short necks and narrow bills 

 which are high at the base and not flattened. 



1. AMERICAN GOLDEN-EYE, C. AMERICANA. 20.00; 

 bill, 1.60; head, upper neck and back, black; round spot at 

 base of bill, lower neck, under parts, and wing patch, white; 

 scapularies, lance-shaped and streaked and edged with white ; 



C, o. 1. 1-10. 



