DIRECTORY TO BIHDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 225 



Female without black of head or breast; buffy beneath. 

 Breeding range and southward migration much as in p, 2 ; 

 casual east to 111. 



r. Rosy Finches. Carpodacus. 



Usually small, tree-inhabiting finches with long wings 

 and moderately long, forked tails; bills, short and thick; 

 males, partly crimson ; females, gray ; feathers of crown some- 

 what elongated. 



1. PURPLE FINCH, C. PURPTJREUS. 6.00; crimson- 

 lake, brightest on crown, obscurely streaked with dusky on 

 back : abdomen and under tail coverts white ; bill, pale brown, 

 fig. 296. Female and young, greenish-brown above, white be- 

 low, heavily streaked with dusky ; a prominent white line 

 over eye, adult male dress not assumed Fig. 296. 



the first year. Eastern N. A. ; breeds 

 from Penn. north to Hudson Bay ; win- 

 ters from Mass, to Fla. Common, less so 

 now in eastern Mass, than formerly. 

 Frequents open country. Nests usually 

 in cedar trees ; eggs, blue spotted with 

 black. Song, given also by the young 

 male, and, at least occasionally, by the 

 female, a continuous warble ; sometimes 

 given more rapidly and musically as the 

 bird ascends in air and descends; a low, 

 whispered melody given while in con- 

 cealment; alarm, a sharp chirp. Flight, 

 swift, direct, undulating, with a charac- 

 teristic quiver to wings. In perching, 

 sit upright. 



s. Pine Grosbeaks. Pinicola. 



Large, tree-inhabiting finches with long wings and forked 

 tails ; bills, large and hooked ; no streakings beneath. Nests, 

 in trees ; eggs, pale blue, dotted with black. 



CC, F, r, 1. 1-4. 



