DIRECTORY TO BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 285 



c. Unspotted Thrushes. Planesticus. 



Larger ; wings, not extending beyond tail ; not spotted 

 below in adults. 



1. AMERICAN ROBIN, P. MIGRATORIA. 10.00; ashy- 

 gray above; top of head, black; golden-brown beneath; 

 throat, white, streaked with black; bill, yellow, fig. 381. Fe- 

 male, duller. Young, spotted with dusky above and below. 

 Breeds in eastern N. A. from the Atlantic to the ffockies, 

 north of N. C. ; winters from Canada southward to the Gulf 

 States ; south in Oct. and Nov. ; north in March and April. 

 Found everywhere. Song, loud and hurriedly given ; varia- 

 ble, but a usual form is, "Chip cherry chip" with other notes ; 

 a single sharp whistle of inquiry ; the young, when nearly 

 fledged, give a practicing song, similar to the adult, uttered 

 with closed bill, and thus low and muffled. Nests in trees 

 and bushes, sometimes within buildings or about them ; eggs, 

 unspotted. 



d. Western Thrushes. Hesperocichla. 



Differ from b in having proportionately larger feet, and 

 black markings below, and varied wings. 



1. VARIED THRUSH, H. NAEVIA. Differs from a, 1 

 in having top of head like back ; throat, unstreaked and with 

 under parts, wing bands, other wing markings, and line over 

 and behind eye, brownish yellow ; band across breast and 

 patch on side of head, black. Breeds on the Pacific coast of 

 N. A. ; accidental in N. J., N. Y., and Mass. 



X. STONE CHATS AND BLUEBIRDS. 



Saxicolidae. 



Smaller than W, with longer wings, always folding be- 

 yond middle of tail. In our species, nests, usually in holes; 

 eggs, blue, unspotted. 



a. Stone Chats. Saxicola. 



No bright colors ; base of tail, white ; no spots in adults. 



