DISSECTING MANUAL. 



facet, and presents below a facet for the inferior cornu of the 

 thyroid. [959] 



The arytenoid cartilages are two pyramidal structures ; one 

 lies on each side, on the upper border of the posterior lamina 

 of the cricoid. Each has an apex, base, and three surfaces sep- 

 arated by three borders (anterior, posterior, and external). 

 The apex curves upward, backward, and inward; the base 

 presents a facet for the cricoid. The internal surface is narrow, 

 vertical, and covered by mucosa; the posterior surface is con- 

 cave. The antero-external surface presents a deep depression 

 centrally, and a small tubercle, for the superior thyro-aryte- 

 noid ligament, just above the base. At the base the external 

 border is prolonged outward and backward (muscular proc- 

 ess) , and the anterior border forward (vocal process) . [960] 



The cartilages of Santorini (cornicula laryngis) are two 

 conical nodules; one lies on the apex of each arytenoid, in the 

 aryteno-epiglottidean fold. The cuneiform cartilages are two 

 minute rods; one lies in each aryteno-epiglottidean fold in 

 front of the preceding. The epiglottidean cartilage is a single 

 thin and raquet-shaped lamina which supports the epiglottis 

 and presents many pits and perforations. Its broad upper 

 end is free ; its margins lie mostly in the aryteno-epiglottidean 

 folds; its lower end is pointed. [961] 



Joints, Ligaments, and Membranes. The crico-thyroid 

 and crico-arytenoid joints are diarthrodial, with synovial mem- 

 branes, capsules, and posterior strengthening bands. The joint 

 between the arytenoid and cartilage of Santorini is either diar- 

 throdial or amphiarthrodial. A delicate Y-shaped ligament 

 (jugale) usually runs from the tips of the cartilages of Santorini 

 to the upper border of the posterior lamina of the cricoid. [961] 



The thyro-hyoid membrane connects the hyoid bone with 

 the thyroid cartilage. The central part (ligamentum thyro- 

 hyoideum medium) is thick and runs from the margins of the 

 thyroid notch to the upper margin of the body of the hyoid, 

 from which it is separated by a bursa. The lateral parts are 



[90] 



