DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 



(inferior fold) has its upper edge free and the inferior duodenal 

 fossa under it opens upward. The paraduodenal fossa (infan- 

 tile) is further to the left; its fold is vertical, with the right 

 edge free, produced by and containing the inferior mesenteric 

 vein. A duodeno-jejunal fossa, at the front of the flexure, and 

 five others have been described. [1068] 



The bile papilla h prominent, contains the common orifice of 

 the bile and pancreatic ducts, and lies on the inner aspect of 

 the interior of the descending portion, three and a half to four 

 inches below the pylorus. [1070] 



Jejunum and Ileum. Both are connected to the parietes 

 by the mesentery, a large and fan-shaped peritoneal fold about 

 six inches long, containing their vessels and glands. The mes- 

 entery is attached (root of the mesentery) along an oblique 

 line, six or seven inches long, extending approximately from 

 the left side of the second lumbar vertebra to the right iliac 

 fossa, crossing the terminal part of the duodenum, aorta, vena 

 cava, ureter, and Psoas. The jejunum is the wider, redder, and 

 more vascular, with thicker walls and prominent valvulsc con- 

 niventes, but few Peyer's patches; the ileum has many and 

 larger Peyer's patches but few valvulae conniventes. Meckel's 

 diverticulum (inconstant) is a wide protrusion, about two inches 

 long, from the lower part of the ileum. [1071] 



Large Intestine. This is about five feet long, or more, 

 curves around the small intestine, and is divided into the ca3- 

 cum, the ascending, transverse, descending, iliac, and pelvic 

 colon, and the rectum. It is three inches wide in the csecum 

 but diminishes beyond this, to an inch and a half in the iliac 

 colon. The appendices epiploicce are small fatty peritoneal 

 pouches which project from it everywhere except on the rec- 

 tum. The tcenia; coli are three bands, about a quarter of an 

 inch wide and one-sixth shorter than the gut, into which the 

 longitudinal muscular fibres are gathered. They produce sac- 

 culations of the gut, are nearly equidistant from each other, 

 and run from the base of the appendix to the rectum, where 



[219] 



