BONES. 



idal process at the junction of the lower and back part of the 

 neck with the shaft. [225] 



Shaft. This is cylindrical, curved with the convexity for- 

 ward, and widest below. A rough longitudinal ridge (linea 

 aspera) runs in the midline posteriorly and consists of two lips 

 and an intervening space; it begins about two inches below 

 the trochanter minor by the convergence of three lines. The 

 outer line (gluteal ridge) is continuous with the outer lip, be- 

 gins external to the trochanter minor, and may develop a proc- 

 ess (trochanter tertius) ; the inner (spiral line) winds upward 

 and forward from the inner lip, in front of the trochanter minor, 

 and joins the anterior intertrochanteric line; the middle line 

 (pectineal) descends from the trochanter minor and fades 

 away. The lips of the linea aspera diverge at the beginning of 

 the lower third of the shaft and pass (inner and outer epicon- 

 dylic lines) to the condyles, enclosing a triangular area (popli- 

 teal surface) ; the inner line ends in a spur (adductor tubercle) 

 on the upper and inner surface of the internal condyle. [226] 



Lower Extremity. This comprises the condyles, two re- 

 curved processes which are united in front but separated be- 

 hind by a notch. This notch (intercondylic) extends as far 

 forward as the centre of the external condyle; its floor slopes 

 upward and backward toward the popliteal surface, but is sep- 

 arated from this by a ridge (intercondylic) . Within the notch 

 an oval surface, for the posterior crucial ligament, lies on the 

 lower and anterior part of the inner condyle, and another, for 

 the anterior crucial ligament, on the upper and posterior part 

 of the outer condyle. The external condyle is the broader and 

 longer, and extends higher in front; the lower surfaces of both 

 are level in the normal position. The cutaneous aspect of each 

 condyle has an elevation (tuberosity) ; the inner tuberosity is 

 the more prominent and is capped by the adductor tubercle; 

 below the outer tuberosity is a groove which ends anteriorly in 

 a pit. [227] 



Two grooves, which run from before backward toward the 



[251] 



