164 TELEOSTOMES 
a food-fish, but deemed worthy of a host of local names, 
-as: Bowfin, Grindle, Dog-fish, Mud-fish, Sawyer, Joseph 
Fig. 168.— Amia. Ventral view of jaw 
region. X11. (After ZITTEL). 
brs. Branchiostegal rays. 4. Cerato- 
hyal. jug. Jugular plate. md. Mandible. 
air-bladder is cellular, and of respiratory value (Wilder). — 
Fig. 169.— Caturus furcatus. xX}. (From SMITH WOODWARD, after AGAS- 
SIZ.) Lithographic stone (Upper White Jura), Solenhofen. 
The relations of Amia become of especial interest, in 
view of the number and range of its fossil kindred. Its 
Grindle, Lawyer-fish. Its 
interest, as already sug- 
gested, is in its close kin- 
ship to the Teleosts on 
the one hand, and to the 
sturgeons and gars on the 
other. Its cycloidalscales, 
its fin structure, and cal- 
cified skeleton seemed of 
so modern a character, 
that it was long included 
among the members of 
the herring group; only 
after a closer examination 
did its primitive struct- 
ures become apparent. 
It is one of the few Gan- — 
oids which possess a gular 
plate (Fig. 168, ug). Like 
that of Lepidosteus, its — 
