INDEX 
(Fig. 17); median fins of, 31; an- 
tiquity of, 148; described, 150; 
C. calabaricus, 147, 150 (Fig. 150). 
Callichthys, respiration of, 20; ganoid 
plates of, 24 (Fig. 26), 26; origin 
of dermal cusps, 30; C. armatus, 
172 (Fig. 178); eggs and breeding 
habits, 186. 
Callorhynchus, \ateral line lost, 49; 
description of, 104, 109; mandibu- 
lar, 106 (Fig. 110); bottle-nosed 
Chimera, 109 (Fig. 118); eggs 
and breeding habits of, 181 (Fig. 
191), 185. 
Canals, v. Lateral line. 
Carassius auratus, 170 (Fig. 176). 
Carp, scales of, 26 (Fig. 31 4); eggs 
of, 187. 
Catfish, barbels of, 46, 47 (Fig. 58); 
description of, 171, 172; Amiurus 
melas, 171 (Fig. 177). 
Cattie, J. T., 54. 
Caturus, 164-165; C. furcatus, 164 
(Fig. 169); Mesozoic caturid, 166 
(Fig. 171 4). 
Caudal fins, 35; evolution of, 35-39 
(Figs. 44-48). 
Central nervous system, v. Nervous 
system. ’ 
Cephalaspis, antiquity of, 9; described, 
67; C. lyelli, 66 (Figs. 78, 79). 
Cephaloptera, v. Dicerobatis. 
Ceratodus, antiquity of, 9, 10; swim- 
bladder of, 22 (Fig. 16); archip- 
terygial pectoral fin of, 39, 40, 42 
(Fig. 54), 44, 45; description of, 
123 (Fig. 127), 124; skeleton of, 
123 (Fig. 128); skull of, 124 (Fig. 
128 A); embryonic stages, 125; 
eggs and breeding habits, 181 (Fig. 
192), 185; development of egg, 
198-202 (Figs. 231-248); larva of, 
218-221 (Figs. 290-295); skeleton 
of, tables, 253; jaws and branchial 
arches, tables, 254 (Fig. 313), 257; 
heart, conus and bulbus arteriosus, 
287 
tables, 258 (Fig. 320); comparison 
tables of heart, etc., 260; gills, 
spiracle, gill rakers, and opercula, 
tables, 261; digestive tract, tables, 
263; swim-bladder, tables, 264, 265 
(Fig. 16); genital system, tables, 
266; urinogenital ducts and external 
» openings, tables, 267 (Fig. 335); 
excretory system and urinogenital 
ducts, tables, 270; abdominal pores, 
tables, 271. 
Cestracion, antiquity of, 10; jaw of, 
24 (Fig. 27); caudal.fin, 36, 37 
(Fig. 45), 38; anatomy of, 85 (Fig. 
91), 86; Port Jackson shark, 181 
(Fig. 190), 183. 
Cestraciont, antiquity of, 9, 10; gills 
of, 16 note; anatomy of, 85, 86; 
dentition of, 86; affinities of, 95, 
96; dental evolution, 112. 
Cetacean, fish-like form of, 5 (Fig. 
7), 6. 
*Cetorhinus, 90 (Fig. 96 A). 
Challenger report, quoted, 87, 103. 
Characteristic structure of fishes, 14. 
Cheirodus, 157; C. granulosus, 157 
(Fig. 160). 
Cheiropterygium, 39. 
Chilomycterus geometricus, 175, 176 
(Fig. 184). 
Chimera, sensory canals of the head, 
30; lateral line of, 49, 51 note; 
affinities to shark, 98 (Fig. 103); 
anatomy of, gg-1o1 (Fig. 104); 
skeleton of, 101-103; skeleton of 
C. monstrosa, 102(Fig. 105); genus, 
104; mandibular, 106 (Fig. 109); 
palatine plate, 106 (Fig. 109 A); 
clasping spine of forehead, 107 (Fig. 
113); ventral fin and clasping organ, 
107 (Figs. 116, 117); bottle-nosed 
Chimera, 109 (Fig. 118); general 
description, 110 (Fig. 119), III 
(Fig. 120) ; dermal plates, 113 (Fig. 
104); comparison tables of skeleton 
of, 253; jaws and branchial arches, 
tables, 254 (Fig. 312), 256; urino- 
genital ducts and external openings, 
