INDEX 
258 (Figs. 316-325), 260; v. Sharks, 
etc. 
Cope, E. D., 8, 10; phylogenetic 
table of, compared, 282. 
Cricotus, 54; parietal foramen of, 54. 
Crossoprerycil, in classification, 8; 
antiquity of, 9; unpaired fins of, 33 
(Fig. 43); affinities to shark, 96; 
included in the term Ganoid, 139; 
ancestry of, 147; a group of Teleo- 
stomes, 147; description of, 148- 
155 (Figs. 148-156 4); habits of 
living and breeding, 150; fossil 
forms, 150-155 (Figs. 151-156 4); 
paleeozic, 166 (Fig. 171 4). 
Ctenodus, in classification, 8; median 
foramen of, 55; affinity to Cerato- 
dus, 122, 124; ancestry of, 147. 
 Ctenolabrus ceruleus, larval develop- 
ment of, 224 (Figs. 303-309), 225. 
Curves of fishes, 5, 6. 
Cusk, barbels of, 46, 47 (Fig. 55). 
Cusps, v. Derm cusps. 
CyYcLosToMEs, in classification, 7, 8; 
antiquity of, 9; metamerism in, 14- 
16; gills of, 18; lampreys, 57-63; 
their affinities, 63-65; palzichthyic 
affinities, 70; eggs-and breeding 
habits of, 180, 181 (Figs. 186, 187); 
fertilization of eggs, 187 note; larval 
development, 214, 215 (Figs. 212, 
215, p. 189, and 72, p. 60); names of 
authors and works, list of, 234-238; 
skeleton of, tables, 252; heart, conus, 
and bulbus arteriosus, tables, 260; 
gills, spiracles, gill rakers, and oper- 
cula, tables, 260; digestive tract, 
tables, 262 (Fig. 326), 263; swim- 
bladder, tables, 264; genital system, 
tables, 266; urinogenital ducts and 
external openings, tables, 266, 267 
(Fig. 332); abdominal pores, tables, 
271, 272 (Fig. 340); central ner- 
vous system, tables, 274; sense or- 
gans, tables, 276; integument and 
integumentary sense organs, tables, 
278. 
Cyprinodonts, eggs of, 185. 
U 
289 
Davidoff, M., phylogenetic table of, 
compared, 283. 
Davis, J. W., 84. 
Dean, B., 8, 78, 128, 132. 
Deep-sea fishes, lateral line in, 49. 
Defences, v. Dermal and Teeth. 
Dental plate, of Sandalodus, 24 (Fig. 
28), 28; of sting-ray, 24 (Fig. 29); 
of eagle-ray, 24 (Fig. 30), 27; of 
Arthrodirans, 136, 137 (Figs. 138- 
144); of Dinichthys, 136-138. 
Denticle, v. Dermal defences. 
Dentine, v. Shark, skin of. 
Derm cusps, origin of, 30. 
Dermal defences of fishes, 23-30; of 
shark, 23, 24 (Figs. 30, 31); evolu- 
tion of, 24 (Figs. 24-26), 25; of 
Chimeeroids, 113; of Coccosteus de- 
cipiens, 132 (Fig. 131); v. Fin 
spines. 
Dermal sense organs, v. Sensory or- 
gans, integumentary. 
Development, v. Fishes, Eggs, larval, 
etc.; comparison table of early, 280, 
281. 
Devil ray or mantis, v. Dicerobatis. 
Dicerobatis, 95, 96 (Fig. 102 A). 
Digestive tract, comparison tables of, 
263 (Figs. 326-331). 
Dinichthys, Frontispiece; pineal fun- 
nel, 55; general description, 130- 
138; type specimens in Columbia 
College Museum, 130 (Frontispiece 
and Figs. 133-137); fin and fin 
spine, 131; D. intermedius, resto- 
ration of by Newberry, 133 (Fig. 
133 and Frontispiece); elater-joint 
of, 134; dermal, ventral, and pineal 
plates of, 133 note; dorsal plates in 
Columbia College Museum, 135; 
jaws of, 136, 137 (Figs. 138-144); in- 
ter movement of dental plates of, 138. 
Diphycercal-shaped fin, 35, 37 (Fig. 
47). 
Diplognathus, jaw of, 136, 137 (Figs. 
141-143). 
Diplurus, 147, 153,154; D. longicau- 
datus, 154 (Fig. 156). 
