INDEX 
Eye, v. Pineal eye. 
Feeling, sense of, 46-48. 
Fertilization phenomena, 186, 187, v. 
comparison tables of the early devel- 
opment of fishes, 280. 
Fierasfer, 169,170; F. acus, 169 (Fig. 
175). 
Fins, location of, 3, 4; evolution of, 
30-46 (Figs. 39-54); unpaired, 31- 
39 (Figs. 39-43); dorsal and anal, 
31-35 (Figs. 39-43); caudal, 35- 
39 (Figs. 44-48); paired, 39-46 
(Figs. 49-54); pectoral, 41-43 (Figs. 
49, 51-54); ventral, 41-43 (Fig. 
50); of Chimeroids, 113; primitive 
dermal, 31; of Cladoselache, 33 (Fig. 
41); of Celacanthus, 34 (Fig. 43); 
of Crossopterygian (/Yoloptychius), 
33 (Fig. 43). 
Fin spines, 23; description of, 28-30 
(Figs. 32-38); of Acanthodian, 29 
(Fig. 32); of Hybodus, 29 (Fig. 
33); of sting-ray, 28, 29 (Fig. 34); 
of Edestus heinrichsii, 28, 29 (Figs. 
35-38); of Chimeroids, 113. 
Fishes, defined, 1; movement of, 1, 2 
(Figs. 1, 2); type of swift swim- 
ming fish, 3,4 (Fig. 3); balanced 
in water, I, 4; symmetry of, 4; nu- 
merical lines of, 5,6 (Figs. 5-8); 
effect of environment of, 7; classifi- 
cation of, 7, 8; geological distribu- 
tion of, 9; importance of group, 10; 
permanence of, 10; evolution of, 11; 
generalized, 12; characteristic struc- 
ture of, 14-56 (Figs. 9-60); meta- 
merism, 14-16; aquatic breathing, 
gills, etc., 16-23 (Figs. 9-19); der- 
mal defences of, 23-30 (Figs. 20- 
38); teeth in highly modified fishes, 
28; development of, 179-225 (Figs. 
186-309); embryology of, 179; eggs 
and breeding habits of, 180-1386 
(Figs. 186-199); fertilization of 
eggs of, 186, 187; development of 
eggs of, 187-214 (Figs. 200-283) ; 
larval development of, 213-225 
291 
(Figs. 284-309); names of authors 
and works, on the general subject, 
231-234; skeletons, table of, 252, 
253 (Figs. 69, 84, 105, 122, 146, 
147, and 310-315); skull, jaw, and 
branchial arches, tables, 254 (Figs. 
310-315); heart of, 258 (Figs. 
316-325), 260; comparison tables 
of heart of, 260; gills, spiracles, 
gill rakers, and opercula, tables, 
259 (Figs. 9-12), 260, 261; di- 
gestive tract, tables, 262 (Figs. 326- 
331), 263; swim-bladder, tables, 
264, 265 (Figs. 13-19); genital 
system, tables, 266, 267 (Figs. 332- 
337); circulation in, tables, 268 
(Fig. 338), 269; excretory system 
and urinogenital ducts, 270, 271 
(Figs. 332-337, p- 267); abdominal 
pores, 271; brain of, 272 (Figs. 339- 
341), 273 (Figs. 342-344); central 
nervous system, tables, 274, 275; 
sense organs, tables of, 276, 277; 
characters of integument and in- 
tegumentary sense organs, 278, 
279; early development, compari- 
son tables of, 280, 281. 
Flounder, 171; description of, 174, 
175; Pseudopleuronectes america- 
nus, 172 (Fig. 183). 
Fossil forms, v. Sharks, Chimeroids, etc. 
Fraas, 157. 
Fric, 102, 119. 
Frilled shark, v. Chlamydoselache, etc. 
Fritsch, A., 42, 83. 
Gadoid, 9. 
Gadus, v. Cod. 
Gage, S., 182. 
Ganoid plates, in theolepis, 24 (Fig. 
25); in Lepidosteus, 24 (Fig. 24); 
in Callichthys, 24 (Fig. 26). 
GANOIDS, in classification, 8, 148; an- 
tiquity of, 9; dermal plates, 24 (Fig. 
25), 25; Ganoid includes the Cros- 
sopterygians, 139 note; the term 
“Ganoid ” used in the popular sense 
to denote the Teleostomes, 139; con- 
