THE WORLD'S WONDERS. 587 



tions, which might be made without the Congress insisting upon 

 them, embraced every department of natural science, including 

 the temperature of the soil, snow and ice, evaporation, terrestrial 

 magnetism, and galvanic earth currents in close connection 

 with magnetic and auroral phenomena, hydrographical, spectro- 

 scopical and pendulum observations, as well as observations on 

 atmospheric electricity, the growth and structure of ice, the 

 physical properties of sea water, etc. Zoological, geological and 

 botanical collections were to be accumulated, and though mere 

 explorations was not forbidden, it was to be regarded as second- 

 ary to the proper work of the different parties. 



THE HIGHEST POINT EVER UEACHKD. 



DUIJINO the two years that Greely remained at Fort Conger, 

 he busied himself with the duties which had been entrusted to 

 him, while the spirit of discovery possessed many of his compan- 

 ions, producing results of the most valuable character. The 

 prime objects of the expedition were at no time neglected, but so 

 admirably had the commander perfected his arrangements for 

 scientific operations, that opportunity was left him and his officers 

 to make a series of journeys, the happy results of which are 

 modestly told in a dispatch sent by Greely to Gen. Hazt-n from 

 St. John's, July 17, 1884: 



"For the first time in three centuries England yields the honor 

 of the furthest north. Lieut. Lockwood and Sergeant Brainerd, 

 May 13, reached Lockwood Island, Int. 83 24' N., long. 44 5' 

 w. They saw from 2,000 feet elevation no land north, or north- 

 west, but to northeast Greenland, Cape Robert Lincoln, lat 83 

 35', long. 38., Lieut. Lockwood was turned back in 1883 by 

 open water on North Greenland shore, the party barely escaping 

 drift into the Polar Ocean. Dr. Pavy, in 1882, followed Mark- 

 ham's route, was adrift one day in the Polar Ocean north of 

 Cape Joseph Henry, and escaped to land, abandoning nearly 

 everything. 



"In 1882 I made a spring and later summer trip into the in- 

 terior of Grinnell Land, discovering Lake Hazen, some sixty by 

 ten miles in extent, which, fed by ice-caps of North Grinnell 



