THE WORLD'S WONDERS. 51)3 



DISCIPLINE IN CAMP. 



DURING their sojourn in the arctic regions the Greely party 

 was subjected to a most salutary discipline. During the long 

 arctic night the explorers lived in a house within a house. They 

 breakfasted at eight, lunched lightly at eleven A. M. and nine p. 

 M., and dined at four. Observations were taken daily in 

 meteorology, astronomy, magnetism, sea temperatures, ice thick- 

 nesses, tidal motion, and velocity of sound at different tempera- 

 tures. Military discipline, one hour's exercise per day, and a 

 weekly bath were required of all. The living apartments were 

 kept clean. National holidays were observed with an extra din- 

 ner, and an interchange of presents on Christmas. Thus the 

 dread disease of scurvy, which wore out two ship's crews for 

 Nares, was prevented, and a fairly contented life enjoyed. 



The men were allowed to grow full beard, except under the 

 mouth, where it was clipped short. They wore knitted mittens, 

 and over these heavy seal-skin mittens were drawn, connected by 

 a tanned seal-skin string that passed over the neck, to hold them 

 when the hands were slipped out. Large tanned-leather pockets 

 were fastened outside the jackets, and in very severe weather 

 jersevs were sometimes worn over the jackets for greater pro- 

 tection against the intense cold. 



On the sledge journeys the dogs were harnessed in a fan- 

 shaped group to the traces, and were never run tandem. In 

 traveling, the men were accustomed to hold on to the back of 

 the sledge, never going in front of the team, and often took off 

 their heavy overcoats and threw them on the load. 



The instructions issued by the government, by which Greely 

 was to be controlled in the possibility of his having to retreat 

 from Fort Conger, read as follows : 



" In case no vessel reaches the permanent station in 1882, the 

 vessel sent in 1883 will remain in Smith's Sound until there is 

 danger of closing by ice, and on leaving will land all her sup- 

 plies and a party at Littleton Island, which party will be pre- 

 pared for a winter's stay, and will be instructed to send sledge 

 parties up the east sidfe of Grinnell Land to meet this party. If 



