232 BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HUMAN PROBLEMS 



conclusions drawn from its national and family side. 

 The fact which emerges clearly in the midst of con- 

 flicting considerations is that, so far as individual 

 families are concerned, an intelligent restriction of 

 family looking to the improved education of its mem- 

 bers is strongly to be desired as a step and prob- 

 ably an essential step toward the legitimate indi- 

 vidualistic development which must precede or 

 accompany improved social ideals and practices. 

 The control of the size of the family, in the sense 

 already discussed, is largely practicable. It is one 

 thing, however, to know that this regulation is possi- 

 ble and desirable ; quite another to introduce it into 

 intelligent practice. Nevertheless, if the biological 

 and sociological aspects of the problem of regulation 

 should once become generally understood, it is rea- 

 sonable to think that intelligent regulation would 

 slowly very slowly come into operation among 

 many more persons than is at present the case. The 

 aim of restricting the families of the poorest workers 

 should, of course, be bound with the aim of encour- 

 aging a generous fruitfulness among the middle and 

 upper classes of society. It is especially among the 

 very rich that serious difficulties would be encoun- 

 tered, for here we meet frequently with aims which 

 seldom take root among persons of moderate means 

 aristocratic views of life which demand large 

 estates, great houses and equipages, private galleries, 

 yachts, etc., for their satisfaction. But even in 

 these not very promising cases education must ulti- 



