8 RUTACE^. Porliera. 



only retained in the Materia Medico, as an ingredient in the compound 

 decoction of sarsaparilla. 



Guaiac, the resinous gum obtained from these species, is a stimulating 

 diaphoretic and alterative, or in large doses cathartic, and is employed in 

 cases of chronic rheumatism, gout, etc. 



21. Porliera angustifolia, Gray. 



Western Texas, — valley- of the Colorado River to the Rio Grande, 

 extending west to the Rio Pecos ; in northern Mexico. 



A small tree, 8 to 10 metres in height, with a trunk 0.15 to 0.20 metre 

 in diameter, or toward its eastern, northern, and western limits reduced 

 to a low shrub ; reaching its greatest development, in the United States, 

 on the hills bordering the valley of the Guadalupe River. 



Wood exceedingly heavy, very hard, close-grained, compact, the open 

 ducts smaller and less regularly distributed than in Guaiacum : medullary 

 rays very thin, numerous ; color rich dark brown, turning green with 

 exposure, the sap-wood bright yellow ; probably possessing medicinal 

 properties similar to those of lignumvita?. 



RUTACE^E. 



22. Xanthoxylum Americanum, Mill. 

 Prickhj Ash. Toothache Tree. 



Eastern Massachusetts, west to northern Minnesota, eastern Nebraska. 

 and eastern Kansas ; south to the mountains of Virginia, and northern 

 Missouri. 



A small tree, not often 7 metres in height, with a trunk 0.15 to 0.20 

 metre in diameter, or. reduced to a shrub, 1.50 to 1.80 metres in height ; 

 common, and reaching its greatest development in the region of the great 

 lakes; rocky hillsides, or more often along streams ami rich bottom-lands. 



Wood light, soft, coarse-grained; medullary rays numerous, thin; 

 color light brown, the sap-wood lighter. 



The bark of Xanthoxylum, an active stimulant, is used in decoction to 

 produce diaphoresis in cases of rheumatism, syphilis, etc., and as a popular 

 remedy for toothache. 



23. Xanthoxylum Clava-Herculis, L. 



Toothache Tree. Prickhj Ash. Sea Ash. Pepper-wood. Wild 

 Orange. 



Southern Virginia, southward near the coast to Bay Biscayne and 

 Tampa Bay, Florida, westward through the Gulf States to northwestern 

 Louisiana, southern Arkansas, ami the valley of the Brazos River. Texas. 



A small tree, rarely 12 to 14 metres in height, with a trunk 0.30 metre 

 in diameter ; usually along streams and low. rich bottom-lands, reaching 



