78 JUGLANDACE^E. Carya. 



A large tree, 24 to 30 or, exceptionally, 39 to 45 metres in height, 

 with a trunk 0.90 to 1.20 metres in diameter; rich hillsides and sandy 

 ridges ; common, and reaching its greatest development west of the 

 Alleghany Mountains ; varying greatly in the size and shape of the fruit. 

 A form with small, thin-shelled nuts (C. microcarpa, Nutt.) is not rare 

 from Delaware southward, and in Michigan. 



"Wood heavy, very hard and strong, tough, close-grained, compact, 

 flexible ; layers of annual growth clearly marked with one to three rows 

 of large open ducts ; medullary rays numerous, thin ; color brown, the 

 thin and more valuable sap-wood nearly white ; largely used in the manu- 

 facture of agricultural implements, carriages, axe-handles, baskets, etc. 



The sweet and edible nuts afford an important article of commerce. 



243. Carya sulcata, Nutt. 



Big Shell-bark. Bottom Shell-bark. 



Chester County, Pennsylvania, west to southern Indiana and Illinois, 

 eastern Kansas, and the Indian Territory. 



A tree 24 to 30 or, exceptionally, 37 metres in height, with a trunk 

 0.60 to 1.20 metres in diameter; bottom-lands, in low, rich soil ; rare and 

 local ; most common and reaching its greatest development in southern 

 Arkansas and the Indian Territory. 



Wood heavy, very hard, strong and tough, very close-grained, compact, 

 flexible ; layers of annual growth marked by one or two rows of large 

 open ducts ; medullary rays numerous, obscure ; color dark brown, the 

 sap-wood marly white ; used for the same purposes as that of the shell- 

 bark hickory. 



The large nuts sweet and edible. 



244. Carya tomentosa, Nutt. 



Mocker-nut. Black Hickory. Bull nut. Big hid Hickory. White- 

 heart Hickory. King nut. 



Valley of the Saint Lawrence River, northern shores of Lakes Ontario 

 and Erie to eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, and the Indian Territory, 

 south to ('ape Canaveral and Tampa Lay, Florida, and the valley of the 

 Brazos River, Texas. 



A tree 24 to 33 metres in height, with a trunk 0.00 to 1.20 metres in 

 diameter; generally on rich hillsides; less commonly on low, river bottom- 

 lands ; very common in the Gulf States, and the most generally distributed 

 species of the genus in the South. 



Wood heavy, very hard, strong, tough, very close-grained, checking in 

 drying, flexible, containing few large regularly distributed open ducts; 

 medullary rays numerous, thin, obscure ; color rich dark brown, the thick 

 sap-wood nearly white ; used for the same purposes as that of the shell- 

 bark hickory. 



