Salix. 



SALICACEiE. 99 



A tree 15 to 21 metres in height, with a trunk 0.90 to 1.20 metres in 

 diameter ; borders of streams in deep mountain canons. 



Wood light, soft, not strong, brittle, close-grained, compact ; medullary 

 rays numerous, very obscure ; color light brown tinged with yellow, the 

 sap-wood nearly white. 



304. Alnus serrulata, Willd. 

 Black Alder. Smooth Alder. 



Massachusetts, west to southern Missouri, south to northern Florida 

 and the valley of the Trinity Eiver, Texas. 



A small tree, 6 to 12 metres in height, with a trunk 0.10 to 0.15 metre 

 in diameter, or more often a tall, branching shrub forming dense thickets ; 

 borders of streams and swamps, probably reaching its greatest develop- 

 ment in southern Arkansas. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, compact; medullary rays numerous, 

 conspicuous ; color light brown, the sap-wood lighter. 



A decoction of the bark and leaves, as well as those of A. incana, is a 

 popular remedy against impurity of the blood and in the treatment of 

 diarrhoea, hematuria, etc. 



305. Alnus incana, Willd. 



Speckled Alder. Hoary Alder. Black Alder. 



Newfoundland to the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains, south to 

 northern New England, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and eastern Nebraska ; in 

 Europe. 



A small tree, 6 to 7 metres in height, with a trunk 0.10 to 0.15 metre 

 in diameter, or more often a tall, branching shrub ; borders of streams 

 and swamps. A form with leaves green and glabrous on both sides or 

 slightly pubescent, extending through the mountain ranges of the Pacific 

 region from the Saskatchewan and British Columbia to New Mexico and 

 the southern Sierra Nevadas of California, is var. virescens, Watson. 



Wood light, soft, close-grained, checking in drying; medullary rays 

 numerous, broad ; color light brown, the sap-wood nearly white ; pre- 

 ferred and largely used in northern New England in the final baking of 

 bricks, and occasionally, as well as that of A. serrulata, in the manufacture 

 of gunpowder. 



SALICACE^. 



306. Salix nigra, Marsh. 



Jilurk Willow. 

 Southern New Brunswick and the northern shores of Lakes Huron and 

 Superior southward through the Atlantic region to Bay Biscayne and the 

 Caloosa River, Florida, and the valley of the Guadalupe River, Texas ; 



