118 CONIFERS. Pinus. 



Wood light, soft, weak, brittle, close-grained, compact ; bands of small 

 summer cells thin, not conspicuous ; resin passages few, not large ; medul- 

 lary rays numerous, obscure ; color yellow or light brown, the sap-wood 

 nearly white ; largely used for fuel and charcoal. 



The large edible seeds furnish the principal food of the Indians of the 

 Great Basin. 



357. Pinus Balfouriana, Murr. 

 Foxtail Pine. Hickory Pine. 



California, — Scott Mountains, Mount "Whitney, and about the head- 

 waters of King and Kern Rivers. A form (var. aristata, Engelm.), 

 common on the mountains of southeastern California, through Nevada, 

 northern Arizona, and southern Utah to Colorado, above 7,500 feet, and 

 in Colorado reaching 12,000 feet elevation, is distinguished by its ovate 

 cones, with thinner scales and shorter recurved awn-like prickles. 



A small tree, 15 to 19 metres in height, with a trunk 0.60 to 0.90 

 metre in diameter ; dry, gravelly slopes and ridges, forming upon Scott 

 Mountains a broad belt of forest growth between 5,000 and 8,000 feet 

 elevation. 



Wood light, soft, weak, brittle, very close-grained, compact, satiny, 

 susceptible of a good polish ; bands of small summer cells very nar- 

 row, dark-colored ; resin passages few, not conspicuous ; medullary rays 

 numerous, obscure. 



358. Pinus resinosa, Ait. 

 Red Pine. Norway Pine. 



Newfoundland, northern shores of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and 

 Lake Nipigon to the valley of the Winnipeg River, south through the 

 Northern States to eastern Massachusetts, the mountains of northern 

 Pennsylvania, central Michigan and Minnesota. 



A large tree, 24 to 46 metres in height, with a trunk 0.60 to 1.37 

 metres in diameter ; light sandy loam or dry rocky ridges, forming scat- 

 tered groves rarely exceeding a few hundred acres in extent ; common and 

 reaching its greatest development through northern Wisconsin and 

 Minnesota. 



Wood light, not strong, hard, rather coarse-grained, compact ; bands of 

 small summer cells broad, dark-colored, very resinous; resin passages few, 

 small, not conspicuous ; medullary rays numerous, thin ; color light red, 

 the sap-wood yellow or often almost white ; largely manufactured into 

 lumber and used for .all purposes of construction, flooring, piles, etc. 



359. Pinus Torreyana, Parry. 



California, — mouth of the Soledad River, San Diego County. 



A low, short-lived, gnarled, crooked tree, 6 to 8 metres in height, with 



