Abies. 



CONIFERS. 133 



Mogqllon Range, New Mexico, northward to the Pike's Peak region of 

 Colorado, ami in the Wahsatch Mountains of Utah. 



A large tree, 30 to 40 metres in height, with a trunk 1.20 to 1.50 

 metres in diameter ; moist slopes and canons between 3,000 and 9,000 feet 

 elevation, reaching its greatest development in the California Sierras, 

 varying greatly in the color and length of leaves, habit, etc., and perhaps 

 only a southern form of the too nearly allied A. grandis, from which it 

 cannot be always readily distinguished. 



Wood very light, soft, not strong, coarse-grained, compact ; bands of 

 small summer cells narrow, resinous, not conspicuous ; medullary rays 

 numerous, obscure ; color very light brown or nearly white, the sap-wood 

 somewhat darker; occasionally manufactured into lumber and used for 

 packing-cases, butter-tubs, and other domestic purposes. 



397. Abies bracteata, Nutt. 



California, — Santa Lucia Mountains. 



A tree 4G to Gl metres in height, with a trunk 0.90 to 1.20 metres in 

 diameter ; moist, cold soil, occupying 4 or 5 canons between 3,000 and 

 6,000 feet elevation, west of the summit of the range. 



Wood heavy, not hard, coarse-grained, compact ; bands of small summer 

 cells broad, resinous, conspicuous; medullary rays numerous, obscure; 

 color light brown tinged with yellow, the sap-wood not seen. 



398. Abies amabilis, Forbes. 



Valley of the Fraser River, British Columbia, south along the Cascade 

 Mountains of Washington and Oregon. 



A tree 30 to 45 metres in height, with a trunk sometimes 1.20 metres 

 in diameter, forming extensive forests on the mountains of British Colum- 

 bia between 3,500 and 5,000 feet, and upon the mountains south of the 

 Columbia River between 3,000 and 4,000 feet elevation, here reaching its 

 greatest development ; its northern range not yet determined. 



Wood light, hard, not strong, close-grained, compact ; bands of small 

 summer cells broad, resinous, dark-colored, conspicuous ; medullary rays 

 numerous, thin ; color light brown, the sap-wood nearly white. 



399. Abies nobilis, Lindl. 

 Red Fir. 



Oregon, — Cascade Mountains from the Columbia River south to the 

 valley of the upper Rogue River, summits of the Coast Range from the 

 Columbia to the Nestucca River. 



A large tree, Gl to 92 metres in height, with a trunk 2.40 to 3 metres 

 in diameter, forming, with A. amabilis, extensive forests along the 

 slopes of the Cascade Range, between 3,000 and 4,000 feet elevation ; 

 less multiplied in the Coast Ranges, but here reaching its greatest indi- 

 vidual development. 



