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BRITISH ISLBS. 23 



below. The Coal is worked beneath the Trias ; and many exploring 

 borings are in progress. — Permian. The Lower Red Sandstone is absent ; 

 and the Permians lie unconformably on the Coal Measures. To the south 

 they disappear, and the Coal Measures underlie the Bunter. — Bunter. 

 There is no break between this and the Permian ; and the author 

 suggests that these two should go together as " one great transition 

 series." The Lower Mottled Sandstone is only 100 feet thick ; this 

 generally passes up into the Pebble Beds (Middle Bunter) ; but occa- 

 sionally there is a small local unconformity. The Pebble Beds contain 

 masses of Millstone Grit and Yoredale Sandstone. There are some small 

 patches of Upper Red and Mottled Sandstone. — Keuper (200 feet thick). 

 The Lower Keuper or Waterstones rest unconformably on the Bunter ; 

 at Blue-bell Hill, close to Nottingham, they contain thin layers of 

 ochreous yellow Limestone ; footprints of Cheirotherium, sun-cracks, &c. 

 are mentioned from other localities. The Upper Keuper is more marly 

 than the Lower; there is little sandstone, but much gypsum. The 

 long prismatic crystals of fibrous gypsum have a marked tendency 

 towards the vertical. Alabaster is largely quarried. — Rhcetic Beds are 

 noticed at Elton and near Leicester. The Lias is briefly mentioned ; 

 and there are remarks on the Drift and Alluvium. 



The Castle Rock, Nottingham, is traversed by a series of north- 

 westerly " master-joints." " The valleys formed by the erosion of this 

 rock, and opening upon the Trent valley, appear to have had their 

 direction determined by these joints, which, as lines of weakness, must 

 have facilitated denudation." A fault at Cinder Hill Colliery, Basford, 

 is described ; in traversing Coal Measures it has a throw of 88 yards, 

 but in the overlying Permian and Bunter Rocks the throw is only 30 

 feet. The whole fault is therefore the result of two separate move- 

 ments — the first and greatest pre-Permian, the second subsequent to 

 the deposition of the Lower Bunter. W. T. 



Jack, Robert L. Notes on a Till or Boulder Clay with Broken 



Shells, in the Lower Valley of the River Endrick, near Loch 



Lomond, and its Relation to certain other Glacial Deposits. Trans. 



Geol. Soc. Glasg. vol. v. pt. i. pp. 5-25, 2 figs, in text. 



The beds described are, in ascending order : — a. Stratified Clay (Crof- 



tamie), with marine shells and reindeer's horn : Inter- or Pre-glacial. 



6. Shelly Till, with broken shells, traceable to 320 feet above sea-level, 



believed to be the moraine profonde of a large glacier or ice-sheet : 



referable to later stages of first period of Glacial Epoch, prior to great 



submergence of land. c. Great extent and thickness of stratified mud, 



clay, sand, and gravel, reaching 2Q2 feet above the sea-level, with worn 



marine shells chiefly of recent British species : referred to later stages 



of the great submergence period. G. A. L. 



James, Richard. Note on a Granite Block at Halamanning. Trans. 



li. Geol. Soc. Cormvall, vol. ix. pt. i. pp. 101, 102. 

 The object is to record the fact of a large block of granite having 



