BRITISH ISLES. 43 



not the source of the volcanic rocks. But there is a complete gradation 

 between the two; and evidence, derived from microscopic structure, 

 lithological character, and chemical composition, is brought forward to 

 prove that the granites are in great measure due to extreme metamor- 

 phism of the volcanic rocks. The Shap granite has a more intrusive 

 character than the others ; and the metamorphism around it points in 

 the same direction ; but much of the matter of the surrounding volcanic 

 rocks may have been incorporated with it. The Eskdale granite 

 contains but little phosphoric acid ; the volcanic rocks much more, 

 especially when near the granite. W. T. 



Ward, J. C. A Yoice from the Past. Geol. Mag. dec. 2, vol. ii. 

 pp. 285, 286. 



Gives an extract from a letter by Prof. Sedgwick, in support of the 

 opinion that Shap Boulders were carried over Stainmoor by floating ice, 

 and suggests that ocean-currents may have had less to do with the 

 dispersal than the direction of the prevalent winds. J. G. G. 



Ward, Dr. 0. On Slickensides or Eock-striations, particularly those 

 of the Chalk. Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxxi. pp. 113, 114. 



Describes striated surfaces and fibrous structure in the Chalk at 

 Eastbourne, and believes that both are due to movements of the 

 Chalk. W. T. 



Whitaker, William. Guide to the Geology of London and the 

 ^Neighbourhood. Pp. xii, 72, also Ed. 2, pp. xii, 73. Geological 

 Survey Memoir. 8vo. London. 

 A description of the Geological Survey Map of "London and its 

 Environs" (1874) and of the Geological Model of London in the 

 Museum of Practical Geology. Gives a short account of all the beds 

 that occur in and near the metropolitan area, from the probable under- 

 ground ridge of old rocks to the latest deposits, with Tables of the places 

 where the best sections may be seen. W. W. 



Whitley, Nicholas. The Geology of Lundy Island. Trans. R. 

 Geol. Soc. Cormvall, vol. ix. part 1, pp. 70-73 (with geological 

 map). 

 The object is to show that the main joints, both in the granite and 

 in the slate, run parallel to the line of junction of these rocks. 



. The Geology of Penzance Bay and its Shores. Trans. B. 



Geol. Soc. Cormvall, vol. ix. part 1, pp. 109-113 (with geological 

 map). 



The rocks which occur on the shores of Penzance Bay are Devonian 

 slate, greenstone, granite, elvans. Drift, shingle, and beach-sand. The 

 hornblende-rocks are looked upon as due to ancient volcanic outbursts. 

 The Drift is composed of waterworn pebbles of quartz, elvan, granite, 

 greenstone, altered slate, and flint. The beds of Drift correspond to 

 what are generally known as raised beaches in other parts of the bay ; 

 but the author thinks that they could not have been formed without 

 the intervention of ice-action. C. L. N. F. 



