AMERICA. 129 



part of the many thousand acres probably underlain by the coal in 

 this locality would be found more or less affected." Analyses have been 

 made with varying results. W. W. 



Eeiss, W. Bericht liber eine Reise nach dem Quilotoa und dem Cerro 



hermosa in den ecuadorischen Cordilleren. [Geology of Ecuador.] 



Zeitsch. deutscli. geol. Oes. Heft ii. pp. 274-294. 



A lleport on Quilotoa (W. Cordilieras), on the Cordilleras of Zum- 



bagua and Angamarca, and on the Cerro hermosa. Describes a visit 



to Cuenga, and refers to recent earthquakes in the district visited. 



F. W. R. 



Rogers, Prof. William B. Geological Notes. Proc. Boston Nat, 

 Hist. Soc. vol. xviii. pp. 97-106. 



I. On the Newport Conglomerate. Finds no evidence of the super- 

 induced structure supposed by Prof. Hitchcock to have caused the 

 elongated form of the pebbles. II. On the Gravel and Cobble-stone 

 Deposits of Virginia and the Middle States. The transporting agency 

 was cbiefly or wholly in the lines of the river- vaUeys ; and the level of 

 the water, or ice, concerned was much higher than the present water- 

 level. W. W. 



Rothwell, Richard P. Alabama Coal and Iron. Trans. Amer. Inst. 

 Min. Eng. vol. ii. pp. 144-158, sections on plate. With discus- 

 sion. See also Coll. Guard, vol. xxx. pp. 131, 132, 386. 



At the base of the Coal Measures is a series of hard, coarse, " heavy- 

 bedded " sandstones, forming a well-marked ridge along the W. edge of 

 the Cahaba Coal-field, which is bounded on the S. and E. by a fault, 

 with a displacement of nearly 10,000 feet, bringing Silurian rocks to 

 the surface : these latter are chiefly limestones and cherts. The Ala- 

 bama Coal Measures consist of sandstones, conglomerates, and shales, 

 with 10 or 12 seams of workable thickness (2 feet and upwards), be- 

 sides many smaller beds. The workable seams are in 2 groups — the 

 lower with an aggregate thickness of 30 to 35 feet, the upper and 

 more local with 12 feet ; but there is so great a thickness of measures 

 between the two groups that where the upper occurs the lower cannot 

 be worked. Analyses of 7 of the Cahaba coals are given. There are 

 great deposits of limonite, yielding from 50 to GO per cent, of iron, of 

 irregular and uncertain extent; and " red-ores" occur in beds from 10 

 to 30 feet thick. W. W. 



Sauvage, E. De I'exploitation et de la preparation de I'anthracite 

 en Pennsylvanie. [Working and Preparation of Anthracite in 

 Pennsylvania.] Ann. Mines^ scr. 7, t. vii. pp. 222-260, 3 plates. 

 The first 4 pages give a description of the geological relations of the 

 Pennsylvanian anthracitic basins. 



Selwyn, A. R. Age of the Lignitic Coal Formation of Vancouver 



Island. Amer. Jotirn. scr. 3, vol. ix. p. 318. 

 Dissents from the views of Prof. I^squereux, who stated that the 

 1875. K 



