146 GEOLOGY. 



Monteiro, J. J. Angola and the Eiver Congo. With map and illus- 

 trations. 2 vols. pp. 305 and 340. 8vo. London. Yol. i. (Geolo- 

 gical information dispersed). 

 Mineral pitch, malachite, granite pillar, salt, bitumen, iron- smelting, 

 copper-deposits, &c. noticed. 



Mullens, Rev. J. On the Central Provinces of Madagascar. Journ. 

 11. Geogr. Soc. vol. xlv. pp. 128-152, and Proc. U. Geog. JSoc. vol. 

 xix. pp. 182-202. 

 In the higher part of Madagascar, and far into the lower plains, the 

 chief rock mass is Gneiss or Granite. A deposit of red clay, with 

 boulders, has fiUed various valleys and cuttings, and in places forms 

 enormous hills. The central province, especially around the Ankarat 

 Mountains, is of volcanic origin. The latter are the highest elevations 

 in the islands, 8000 to 8950 ft. high, and from them radiate many lava 

 streams ; there are, however, no distinct craters. But to the E. of Lake 

 Itasy 40 craters were discovered, and, according to tradition, of no very 

 ancient date. 4 hot springs were also seen — one with a temperature 

 of 130° P., and with jets of carbonic acid gas. In the district of Ankay 

 a vast sedimentary deposit of the red clay occurs. E. E., Jun. 



Peron, A. Echinides fossiles de I'Algerie . . . considerations sur leur 

 position stratigraphique. See post, Cotteau, under Paleontology. 

 Pinchin, R. A Short Description of the Geology of part of the 

 Eastern Province of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope. 

 (Abstract.) Quart. Journ. Geol, Soc. vol. xxxi. pp. 106-108, 

 pi. iv. (maps and sections). 

 The chief sections described are from Cape St. Erancis, over the 

 Winterhoek and Langeberg ranges to Jansenville, and from Port Eliza- 

 beth to Somerset. A peculiar rock, which has been described as 

 ' Claystone porphyry,' ' Trap,' ' Trap Ash,' ' Trap Breccia,' and ' Boulder 

 Clay,' was believed by Eubidge to be a metamorphosed shale. W. T. 

 Raymond, W. R. Eemarks on the Occurrence of South African 



Diamonds. Trans. Amer. Inst. Min. Eng. vol. ii. pp. 143, 144. 

 The rock in which the diamonds occur is a sort of volcanic tufa, which 

 was likened by Dr. Hunt to the trass of the Ehine. 



ScMmper, Dr. Geologische Verhiiltnisse des Districtes Arrho in 

 Abyssinien. [Geology of Arrho, &c.] VerJi. Ic.-k. geol. Reichs. 

 pp. 231-233. 

 Describes mud-volcanos produced by the action of rain on pyrites. 

 Salt and cinnabar are present. 



Silver, S. W., & Co.'s Handbook for South Africa, including the Cape 

 Colony, Natal, the Diamond Fields, and the Trans-Orange Ee- 

 publics. London. Pp. 495. 

 A Geological Chapter on the Diamond Fields is given. 

 Stache, Dr. Guido. Die projectirte Verbindung des Algerisch- 

 tunesischen Chott-Gebietes mit dem Mittelmeere. [The proposed 

 uniting of the Algerine -Tunisian ' Chott ' district to the Medi- 

 terranean.] Vienna, 



