148 . GEOLOGY. 



Bonwick, J. Mineral Resources of Australia. Coal localities in 

 N. S. Wales. Iroyi, vol. v. p. 226. 



The Carboniferous area is 15,419 sq. miles. Describes the various 

 Coal-fields of the colony. The Sydney Sandstone area (=Hawkesbury 

 Rocks of Clarke) of 1 0,000 sq. miles without a doubt covers a coal- 

 bed. Part of the comparatively unknown western interior of N. S. 

 Wales may prove to be Carboniferous. R. E., Jun. 



. Mineral Resources of Australia. Notes on Australian Coal. 



Iron, vol. V. p. 387. 

 The Coal-field of JN". S. Wales and Queensland appears to be the W. 

 edge of a greater area now under the S. Pacific. The Wianamatta, or 

 uppermost series of the N. S. Wales Carboniferous area, results from 

 the denudation of the underlying Hawkesbury Series, which is suc- 

 ceeded by the true Coal Measures. All the Carboniferous rocks of N. 

 S. Wales have suffered much by igneous intrusions. Refers to the 

 disputed age of these beds. R. E., Jun, 



Booth, B. S. Description of the Moa Swamp, at Hamilton. Trans. 

 N. Zealand Inst. vol. vii. pp. 123-138 ; Proceedings^ pp. 544-549. 



The Moa remains were obtaiued from bluish sandy micaceous clay, 

 2 to 8 feet thick, resting on a bed of quartz-pebbles, forming a small 

 lagoon 45 by 50 feet. The bones were confusedly intermingled, and 

 many of them much decayed ; about 3^ tons were removed. A number 

 of bones of the extinct goose (Cnemiornis) and a few of the eagle 

 (Harpagornis) were also obtained. There must have been about 400 

 individuals entombed in this bone-swamp. The theories advanced to 

 account for this accumulation of Moa bones are criticised. The author 

 supposes the lagoon to have been the site of a thermal spring, to which 

 the Moas resorted for warmth during the commencement of a period of 

 cold (which he supposes caused the extinction of this bird). R. E., Jun. 



Clarke, Rev. W. B. Remarks on the Sedimentary Eormations of 

 New South W^ales, &c. Ed. 3. 8vo. Sydney. Pp. 61 ; vertical 

 sections. 



a. General Remarks. — h. Azoic and MetamorpTiic. Metamorphism 

 appears to be more noticeable in N, S. Wales than in the other colonies. 

 ' — c. L. and U. Silurian. Considerably developed in Yictoria and N. S. 

 Wales ; N. Australia and the K.W. Territory have not furnished any 

 satisfactory evidence of rocks of this age ; but in Queensland, S. Aus- 

 tralia, and Tasmania they are developed to some slight extent. — d. M. 

 Palceozoic. Of 81 species of fossils from the jN". S. Wales Devonian, 

 only 5 belong to the upper division, the remainder representing the 

 lower. In Victoria the Buchan Limestone is also said to be Devonian. 

 Tasmania and W. Australia have not furnished any decided proof of 

 the existence of rocks of this age; but in Queensland Devonian rocks 

 extend through 10 degrees of latitude. Roth the Tin Mines of N. 

 S. Wales and Queensland occur in this formation. — e. U. Palceozoic. 

 Enters into the question of the age of the N. S. Wales Coal Measures, 

 and the range of Qlossopteris Broivniana and other plants. Divides 



