AUSTRALASIA. 153 



A spit consisting of marine sands in its lower and blown sand in its 

 higher part has been thrown across the month of the Shag lliver to a 

 height of CO ft. Both ovens and kitchen-middens of '* Moa-hunters " 

 and of the Maori are scattered over and through this deposit, but 

 generally in such a way as to show that a considerable time must have 

 elapsed between the occupancy by the two peoples. Concludes that on 

 geological evidence alone the kitchen-middens of the " Moa-hunters " 

 must be of considerable antiquity. 



Hayter, H. H. Victorian Year-book for the Year 1874. Pp. vi and 



248. 8vo. Melbourne. 

 Under Geography, gives a short history of the discovery of gold in 

 the colony. 



Hector, Dr. J. On the Modes of Occurrence of the Moa Bones in New 

 Zealand. Nature, \6\. xii. p. 441. 



1. In turbary- deposits and desiccated swamps in almost all the 

 valleys leading to the E. coast ; 2. In cave-deposits ; 3. In turbary- 

 deposits below high-water mark, indicating a comparatively modern 

 submersion, resting on a denuded surface of later Tertiary rocks, but 

 without overljiiig marine beds. The earliest traces of the Moas found 

 are footprints at Poverty Bay in a soft pumice-sandstone within a few 

 inches of the upper surface. A true bird bone, probably that of an 

 extinct gigantic Penguin, has been found in the Tertiary deposits of 

 N. Zealand. Il.E.,Jun. 



. The Official Handbook of Xew Zealand. A Collection of 



Papers by Experienced Colonists, &c. Edited by Sir J. Yogel. 



Pp. 272. Maps, &c. 8vo. London. 

 Mineral productions and general geological remarks, pp. 37-39. In 

 the accounts of the provinces are notices of the mineral resources as 

 follows :—Otago, pp. 105-107; Canterbury, pp. 133, 134; Wcstland, 

 p. 160; Marlborough, pp. 170, 171; Nelson, p. 182; Wellington, 

 p. 208 ; Taranaki, p. 237 ; Auckland, pp. 246, 247. W. T. 



Higgs, Samuel, Jun. Some remarks on the mining district of Yorke's 

 Peninsula, South Australia. Trans. E. Geol. Soc. Cornwall^ vol. 

 ix. part i. pp. 122-131. 



The rock of the district is clay-slate, sometimes covered by Tertiary 

 beds ; both are generally overlain by an unconformable surface-crust 

 of limestone. In the Wallaroo district the productive lodes have a 

 bearing of 20° to 24° S. of E. ; they are richer with high than with 

 low dips, and are not productive unless the clay-slate becomes so mica- 

 ceous as to assume the character of mica-schist. All the lodes have 

 been found by surface indications. Green ore (atacamite) is often 

 found in the uppermost parts of the lodes, lower down black oxide of 

 copper, and finally the sulphides. The lodes vary from 1 to 20 ft. in 

 width. The water in all the mines is very salt. It is estimated that 

 more than 250,000 tons of 12 per cent, ore have been returned from 

 this district from 18G1 to 1871. C. L. N. F. 



