154 



GEOLOGY. 



Hutton, Capt. F. W. Did tho Cold of the Glacial Epoch extend 

 over the Houthcrn Hemisphere ? Geol. Mag. dec. 2, vol. ii. pp. 

 580-583. 



Considers that there is no proof of a Glacial Epoch in the S. Hemi- 

 sphere. The Pleistocene shell-hearing bed at Wanganui, Cook Straits, 

 has yielded 91 species of shells, of which 81 are still living. These 

 give no evidence of a reduction of temperature. A newer Pliocene 

 clay below the last at the same place has yielded 98 species, of which 

 77 are still found in the surrounding seas. Over the whole province 

 of Otago no stratified till or marine beds intercalated with Glacial 

 deposits have been met with by the author. E. E., Jun. 



. Kotice of the Earnscleugh Cave, with Remarks on some of 



the more remarkable Moa Remains found in it by Prof. M. Cough- 

 trey. Trans. N. Zealand Inst. vol. vii. pp. 138-144 ; Proceedings, 

 p. 542. 

 The cave is narrow and irregular in outline, and in mica-schist. The 

 floor is filled with fine micaceous sand to a considerable depth. Re- 

 mains of Dinornis, Cnemiornis, the bones, nests, and eggs of an extinct 

 genus of duck, bones of parrots and other birds, vsdth the remains of 

 rats, have been found in the cave, the former in the upper part near 

 the entrance, the latter towards the extremity. There is no evidence 

 that the remains of Dinornis and Cnemiornis were contemporaneous with 

 those of the duck ; and although these belong to an extinct genus, their 

 antiquity does not date further back than the present century. 



R. E., Jun. 



Hutton, F. W., and G. H. F. TJlrich. Report on the Geology and 

 Gold Fields of Otago. With appendices, by Prof. J. 6. Black and 

 J. McKerrow. Pp. viii, 245. 11 plates (geol. map, sections, 

 views, &c.), woodcuts. 8vo. Dunedin. 

 Paet I. Geology, by E. W. Hutton. — Introduction and Physical Geo- 

 gra/phy, pp. 1-11. — Notices of Previous Observers, 12-22. — General Geo- 

 logical Structure, 23-26. The main part of Otago is formed by a central 

 N.W. and S.E. anticlinal, with a parallel synclinal on each side. All 

 the rocks of pre-Cretaceous age take part in these curves ; but the 

 Tertiary rocks, when viewed on a large scale, lie horizontally and in- 

 dependently of the former. Descriptive Geology, 27-73; the sedi- 

 mentary formations of Otago are : — 1. Manipori formation, either Lau- 

 rentian or Cambrian. 2. Wanaka formation, L. Silurian (?)(= "con- 

 torted felspathic schist," Hector) ; the main gold-bearing formation of 

 Otago. 3. Kakanui formation, conformable to the last but less meta- 

 morphosed, U. Silurian (?). 4. *K'aikoura formation, nnconformable 

 to the last, Carboniferous (?). 5. *Maitai formation, Triassic,=Wairoa 

 Series {Hector), Richmond sandstone (Hochstetter), Otapiri Series 

 (Hector), Shaw's Ray Series (Lauder Lindsay). 6. Putataka forma- 

 tion, conformable to last, L. Jurassic, = Mataura Series (Lindsay and 

 Hector). 7. Waipara formation, feebly represented in Otago, but con- 

 tains coal seams, IJ. Cretaceous. 8. *Oamaru formation, unconform- 

 able on the last, L.Miocene, =Ototara and Trelissick groups. 9. Pa- 



