BTIPPLEMENT FOR 1874. 409 



structure are given. 0. major, the largest species, is described for the 

 first time. MioMppus annectens, n. gen. and sp., is intermediate be- 

 tween Orohipims and Anchitherium ; it differs from the former in 

 having but three digits in the manus.- — Miocene of Oregon. Anchithe- 

 rium anceps, n. sp., and A. celer, n. sp., are also Miocene equines. 

 PlioTiippus pernioj, n. gen. and sp. (Pliocene of Nebraska), has no 

 lateral digits. It is distinguished from Equus by the large antorbital 

 fossa, the functional first upper premolar, and the molars, which have 

 short crowns with simple folds of enamel. P. rohtistus, n. sp., ib., has 

 longer and more complex upper molars Frotohippus avus, n. sp., 

 Pliocene of Oregon, is represented by teeth, which most nearly resemble 

 those of Anchitherium. Anchippns hrevidens^ n. sp., Pliocene of Oregon, 

 is described from teeth. The descent of the equines is traced through 

 the American genera as follows: — Orohippus^ Eocene; Miohippus and 

 Anchitherium, Miocene ; Anchippus, Hipparion, Protohippiis, and Plio- 

 hippus, Pliocene ; Equus, Quaternary. The principal succcbsive changes 

 relate to — 1. Increase in size ; 2. Increase in speed, through concen- 

 tration of limb bones ; 3. Elongation of head and neck, and modifica- 

 tions of skull. The gradations of tooth-structure and arrangement are 

 also noted. L. C. M. 



Marsh, 0. C. Small Size of the Brain in Tertiary Mammals. Amer. 

 Journ. vol. viii. pp. 60. 



A progressive brain capacity, pari passu with geological time, is 

 observed in the American Tertiary Ungulates. In Dinoceras (Eocene) 

 the brain-cavity is only one eighth that of a rhinoceros. L. C. M. 



Mayer, Karl. NatUrliche, gleichmassige und practische Classification 

 der Sediment-Gebilde. [Classification of the Sedimentary Forma- 

 tions.] A Broadsheet. Zurich. 

 A table of European formations arranged under 8 " Gebilde " or 

 groups of beds, e. g. " Tertiar-Gebilde," which are divided into 57 sub- 

 groups, the names of which end alike, e. g. " Astian," and these again 

 into 136 members. G. A. L. 



Milner, Rev. Thos. The British Islands : their Physical Geography 



and Natural History. New Edition. Pp. vi, 328 ; woodcuts. 



[Not dated.] 



Geological notes throughout; but the subject is especially treated in 



Chap. iv. pp. 81-116, The Great Geological Foimations; Chap. x. 



pp. 287-324, Modern Geological Changes. W. T. 



Mischennov, — . [Geological Observations on the Line of the Eail- 

 road from Lozovo to Sebastopol.] Gornoi Journ. vol. iv. pp. 170- 

 193, 1 pi. (sections). 



Mostly fossiliferous Tertiaries. 



Murray, A. Peport upon the Geological Survey [of Newfoundland] 



for the Year 1873. Pp. 69. 8vo. St. John's. 

 Physical Geography, pp. 1-17; Carboniferous Series, with sections, 



