CH. xxv. LINN JE US ON SPECIES. 207 



this place, so he resolved to leave his kind friend and wander 

 farther. Mr. Clifford seems to have been much hurt at his 

 leaving, yet he continued his kindness to him through life. 



Linnaeus went to Leyden and Paris, and from theie to 

 Stockholm, where he practised as a physician, and at last he 

 settled down as Professor of Medicine and Natural History 

 at Upsala, where he founded a splendid botanical garden, 

 which served as a model for many such gardens in other 

 countries, such as the Jardin de Trianon in France, and 

 Kew Gardens in England. His struggles with poverty were 

 now over for ever, and his fame as a botanist was spread all 

 over the world. He used to set out in the summer days 

 with more than 200 pupils to collect plants and insects in 

 the surrounding country, and many celebrated people came 

 to Stockholm to attend Linnaeus's ' Excursions.' Then as his 

 pupils spread over the world he employed them to collect 

 specimens of plants and animals from distant countries, and 

 he himself worked incessantly to classify them into one 

 great system. 



Linnaeus gives Specific Names to Plants and 

 Animals. And now we must try to seize upon the chief 

 points of Linnaeus's work, in order. to understand some- 

 thing of what he did for science, although it is quite impos- 

 sible in a book of this kind to give even a sketch of his 

 divisions of the animal and vegetable kingdoms. The first 

 and greatest point of all was that he gave a second or specific 

 name to every plant and animal. Before his time botanists 

 had only given one name to a set of plants ; calling all roses, 

 for example, by the name Rosa, and then adding a descrip- 

 tion to show which particular kind of rose was meant. 

 Thus, for instance, for the Dog-rose they were obliged to 

 say Rosa, sylvestris vulgar is, flore odorato incarnato, that is, 

 * common rose of the woods with a flesh-coloured sweet 



