INDEX. 



ARCHIMEDES 



Archimedes on the lever, 22 ; on Hiero's 

 crown and specific gravity, 22 ; screw of, 

 25 ; killed in the Punic war, 25 



Areas described by planets about their 

 centre, 97 



Aristarchus taught that the earth moves 

 round the sun, 20 ; discovered obliquity 

 of ecliptic, 21 ; and rotation of the earth 

 on its axis, 21 



Aristotelians, dogmatism of the, 78, 103 



Aristotle on astronomy and zoology, 15, 16 ; 

 on development of animals, 457 



Arteries, passage of blood in, 109 ; throb- 

 bing of, explained, no 



Asellius on lacteals and nourishing fluid, 



112 



Astatic needle of the telegraph, 385 

 Asteroids, or minor planets, 299 

 Astrology of the Arabs, 45 

 Astronomy, definition of, 2 ; of Thales, 8 ; 



of Anaximander, 9 ; of Anaxagoras, 13 ; 



of Aristotle, 15; of Aristarchus, 20; of 



Hipparchus, 29 ; of Ptolemy, 32 ; of 



Albategnius, 45 ; of Ebn Junis, 45 ; of 



seventeenth century, 182 ; of eighteenth 



century, 275 ; of nineteenth century, 298 

 Atmosphere, refraction of sun's rays in the, 



48; varying weight of the, 116 ; pressure 



of the, 120 

 Atomic theory, 402 

 Atoms, definition of term, 402 ; of all the 



planets attract each other, 148 

 Attraction, by electricity, 75, 122 ; of 



gravitation decreases with square of the 



distance, 150 

 Aurora borealis coincident with outbreak 



of a sun-spot, 381 

 Australia, fossil and living pouched animals 



of, 460 

 Authority valued more than truth in the 



Dark Ages, 103 

 Avicenna on minerals, 49 

 Avogadro on gases, 405 



"DACON, Roger, his 'Opus Majus,' 52 

 -* Bacon, Francis, his influence on 



science, 101 ; on heat, 349 

 Baer. See Von Haer 

 Bagdad, medical school of, 40 

 Bain's telegraph, 386 

 Balfour, Francis, on morphology, 440 

 Balloons, hydrogen used for filling, 230 

 Banks, Sir J., his museum, 418 

 Barometer, invention of the, 114, 117 

 Bartholinus on double refraction in Iceland 



spar, 179 



Bary, de, cited, 474 



Basalt, disputes about formation of, 217-200 

 Bates on species of Amazon insects, 458 

 Battery, first electric, 260 

 Bccher proposes theory of Phlogiston, 133 

 Bccquerel cited, 378 



BROUGHAM 



Beehive, star-cluster called the, 284 



Bees, clover fertilised by, 467 



Bell on the telephone, 388 



Bells, cause of musical sound in, 272 



Ben Musa, Arabian mathematician, 45 



Benzole discovered, 410 



Bergmann on chemical affinity, 227 ; on 

 ' fixed air,' 228 



Bernoulli on gases, 362 ; on stretched 

 strings, 263 



Berzellius His discoveries by electrolysis, 

 394 ; "on use of blowpipe, 398 



Betetgeux, no hydrogen in light of, 344 



Biela's comet, 301 



Binary stars, Herschel discovers, 284 



Biology, definition of, 2 ; of seventeenth 

 century, 185 ; spread of, in eighteenth 

 century, 190 



Biot on meteoric stone-fall, 307 ; on polari- 

 zation, 327 



Birds, Ray and Willughby on, 138 ; rapid 

 multiplication of, 466 



Black discovers ' fixed air,' 225 ; on latent 

 heat, 240 , 



Blood, circulation of the, 109-111 ; earlier 

 theories about, 108 ; air- bubbles drawn 

 out of the, 132 



Blowpipe, Berzellius on use of, 398 



Blumenbach cited, 411 



Bode's law, 299 



Boerhaave, his character and influence, 

 191 ; on organic chemistry, 192 ; on 

 juices of plants, 192 ; on fluids of animals, 

 194 ; his decth, 194 



Bonnet's experiments on aphides and 

 plants, 200 ; on regrowth of severed 

 limbs, 200 ; on development of animals, 

 202 



Bornet, Professor, cited, 474 



Botanical garden of Gesner, 67 



Botanist, Theophrastus the first, 16 



Botany, different kinds of, 2 ; writers on, 

 17, 68, 69, 141, 207, 412 



Boucher de Perthes finds ancient flint im- 

 plements, 452 



Bougier measures the density of the earth 

 288 



Boulton, partner of Watt, 250 



Boyle one of the founders of Royal Society, 

 123 ; his air-pump, 126 ; his law of com- 

 pressibility of gases, 117 ; his experiments 

 on air, 128 



Bradley, 188; on aberration and nutation, 275 



Brain described by Erasistratus, 26 



Breathing, Mayow on, 131 



Brewster, Sir D., on polarization, 327 ; on 

 spectrum analysis, 338 



British Museum, meteoric stones in the, 

 307 



Bronze tools of lake-dwellings, 454 



Brougham, Lord, his article against Young, 

 324 



