INDEX. 



499 



BROWN 



Brown, Robert, on structural botany, 418 



Bruno burnt at the stake, 81 



Buckland, his Cambridge lectures, 442 ; on 



glaciation of Wales, 451 

 Buffbn, history of, 203 ; his work on na- 



tural history, 204; pationises Lamarck, 



427 

 Bunsen on dark lines in solar spectrum, 339 



on plants, 69 ; on cir- 

 >-' culation of the blood, 109 

 Caesium discovered, 338 

 Cailletet, M., liquefies permanent gases, 407 

 Cairo, medical school of, 40 

 Caloric, old term for heat, 350 

 Camera obscura, invention of the, 73 

 Candolle, Auguste de, on natural system 



of plants, 413 



Capillaries discovered by Malpighi, 135 

 Carbonic acid obtained by Black, 225 ; 



tested by Bergmann, 228 ; its nature dis- 



covered by Lavoisier, 237 

 Carlisle on decomposition of water by 



electricity, 392 

 Carnivorous plants, 472 

 Carnot on heat converted into motion, 358 

 Carrington, Mr., on outbreak of a sun-spot, 



381 



Cassini on velocity of light, 1 73 

 Catastrophists in geology, 441 

 Cats, their indirect influence on growth of 



clover, 467 

 Caus' engine, 244 

 Cavendish discovers hydrogen, 229 ; on 



composition of water, 230 ; his experi- 



ment on weight of the earth, 289 

 Caxton the printer, =5 

 < 'elestial photography, 347 

 Cellular tissue, section of, 137 

 Celsius invents centigrade scale, 118 

 Centigrade scale, 118 

 Ceres discovered by Piazzi, 299 

 Challenger, forms brought home by the, 477 

 Charles II. grants Royal Society charter, 



123 ; V. of Spain protects Vesalius, 66 

 Chemical rays discovered, 331 ; action of, 



in photography, 332 ; nomenclature of 



Lavoisier, 238 ; elements, weight of, 401 ; 



symbols, 404 : theory of electricity, 395 

 Chemical affinity, Bergmann on, 227 ; 



Newton on, 227 ; power of electric cur- 



rent to overcome, 395 

 Chemistry, definition of, 2 ; of the Arabs, 



41 ; of Geber, 43 ; of Paracelsus and Van 



Helmont, 70 ; of Boyle and Hooke, 128 ; 



of Mayow, 129; Boerhaave on organic, 



192 ; of Black, 225 ; of Bergmann, 227 ; 



of Cavendish, 229 ; of Priestley, 230 ; 



Newton's work on, destroyed, 169 ; 



methods of studying, 397 ; recent ad- 



vances in organic, 408 

 Chick, Harvey on development of 112 



34 



COSMOS 



Chinese, early science of, 4 ; mariner's 



compass known to the, 54 

 Chladni on musical vibrations, 269 ; his 



musical sand figures, 273 

 Chlorale, discovery of, 409 

 Chloroform, discovery of, 409 

 Chromosphere of the sun, 342 

 Cinnamon tree, essences obtained from, 192 

 Cipher, word derived from Arabic, 46 

 Circulation of the blood, diagram of, in 

 Circular polarization in quartz crystals, 327 

 Circumference of earth measured by Era- 

 tosthenes, 27 

 Classifications of plants, 69, 140, 207 ; of 



animals, 67, 140, 207, 433 

 Clausen calculates the period of Biela's 



comet, 301 



Clausius on diffusions of gases, 363 

 Clerk -Maxwell on molecular theory of 

 gases, 363; on electro -magnetism, 364; 

 on thermo-electricity, 378 ; on colour- 

 blindness, 329 



Clifford, Mr., befriends Linnaeus, 206 

 Climate, Humboldt on causes of, 424 ; 



Lamarck on effects of, 430 , 

 Coal-tar, colours obtained from, 410 

 Cod-fish, animalcules in roe of, 136 

 Ccesium discovered, 338 

 College of Surgeons, Hunter's collection in, 



198 



Colours, prismatic, 162 ; cause of, in tele- 

 scopes, 166 ; caused by interference of 

 light, 319 ; on the soap-bubble, 320 ; de- 

 pend on light-vibrations, 177; theory of, 328 

 Columbus, Christopher, his voyages, 56 ; 

 discovers variation of magnetic needle, 57 

 Columbus on circulation of the blood, 108 

 Combustion, Hooke on, 128 ; Mayow on, 

 129; Stahl's theory of, 133; cause of, 

 proved by Lavoisier, 237 

 Comet, H alley predicts return of, 159 

 Comets, Newton on orbitsof, 151; returning, 



301 ; and meteors, 306 ; spectra of, 345 

 Commutator of the Telegraph, 383 

 Comparative anatomy, rise of, 197 ; Hun- 

 ter's collection illustrating, 198 ; Haller 

 on, 196 ; Cuvier on, 433 

 Compass, figure of first mariner's, 54 

 Compound flowers, 142 

 Condenser, Watt's separate, 247 

 Conservation of energy, 358 

 Contraction of the mu>cles, 197 

 Cook's voyage toobserve transit of Venus, 159 

 Cooke patents electric telegraph, 382 

 Copernican theory, 64 ; proofs of the truth 



of, 88 



Copernicus, life and work of, 63 

 Cope, Professor, cited, 476 

 Cordova, medical school of, 40 

 Corpuscular theory of light, 174, 312 

 Correlation of the physical forces, 476 

 ' Cosmos' of Humboldt, 423 



