INDEX, 



55 



MINERAL 



Mineral waters analysed by Bergmann, 227 

 Mineralogy, Gesner on, 68 ; Werner's 



lectures on, 216 

 Mirbel on ovules, 418 

 Mohl, H. von, on protoplasm, 420 

 Moldenhauer cited, 417 

 Molecular theory of gases. 362 

 Molecules, size of, 364 ; vibration of, 364 ; 



ultra-gaseous state of, 365 

 Monochord invented by Pythagoras, 12 

 Monocotyledons, term explained, 142 

 Monro cited, 411 

 Mont Blanc, erratic blocks carried from, 



450 



Moon, Anaxagoras on the, 13 ; phases of, 

 explained by Anaximander, 10 ; Thales 

 on reflection of the, 9 ; secondary light 

 of the, 87 ; movement of, used by N ew- 

 ton to test his law of gravitation, 146 ; 

 Lagrange on libration of, 277 ; why she 

 turns the same face to us, 278 ; photo- 

 graphs of the, 347 

 Moons, Jupiter's, 88 

 Moraines of glaciers, 448 

 Moro, l.azzaro, on formation of strata, 215 

 Morse, his electric telegraph, 383 

 Mountain-chains, Eratosthenes studies, 29 

 Mouse consuming air in a bell-jar, 132 

 Mud carried down by the Ganges, 444 

 Miiller, Dr. H., on plants and insects, 415, 



472 



Murchison cited, 446 



Muscles, Haller on contraction of the, 197 

 Musical notes. Pythagoras on, 12 ; Galileo 

 on, 80; Sauveur on number of vibrations 

 in, 265 ; sand figures formed by, 273 



NAMUR, human skeletons of, 455 

 Napoleon I. takes St. Hilaire to 

 Egypt, 428 



Natural history of seventeenth century, 138 

 Natural philosophy, Leonardo da Vinci 



on, 58 



Natural selection, theory of, 464 ; diffi- 

 culties of natural history explained by, 

 469 ; does not exclude Divine Power, 470 

 Natural system of plants, 209, 412 

 Nebulae, Merschel on the nature of, 284; 



spectrum analysis of, 344 

 Nebular hypothesis, 281 

 Negative and positive electricity, 255, 261 

 Negro, colouring matter in skin of, 135 

 Neptune, position of, found by Adams and 

 Leverrier, 302 ; seen by Galle, 304 J his 

 moon, 305 



Neptunists and Vulcanists, 217 

 Nerves, Galen on two sets of, 34 

 > estorians, science of the, 40 

 Neuchatel, erratic block near, 450 

 Newcumen's engine, 244 

 Newt, regrowth of eye of, aos 



OXYGEN 



Newton, birth and early life of, 144 ; his 

 law of gravitation, 145 ; his method of 

 fluxions, 145 ; on variation of attraction, 

 150; on cause of tides, 152 ; on sp cific 

 gravity of planets, 152 ; on shape of the 

 earth, 152 ; on precession of equinoxes, 

 152 ; on motion of comets, 152 ; on 

 sound, 166 ; on chemical attraction, 228 ; 

 on attraction of plumbline to a moun- 

 tain, 287 ; on dispersion ot light, 161 ; 

 explains the spectrum, 162 ; his rotating 

 disc, 165 ; his work on chemistry de- 

 stroyed, 170; his work on optics, 166 : 

 his theory of light, 173 ; on nature of 

 sound, 166 



Newton, Professor, on meteors, 309 



Nicholson on decomposition of water by 

 electricity, 392 



Nile, mud carried down by, u 



Nineteenth century, tendency of science 

 of, 478 



Nitrogen, compounds of oxygen with, 401 ; 

 Rutherford on, 234 ; liquefaction of, 407 



Nitrous oxide, Davy's experiments on, 391 



Nobili on animal electricity, 259 



Noble on stretched strings, 503 



Nodes in musical strings, 267 



' Novum Organum,' 101 



Numerals, Indian, introduced into Europe 

 46 



Nutation of earth's axis, 275 



/^\BLIQUITY of ecliptic, Anaxagoras 

 ^ on, 21 



Observatory, Tycho's, 76 



Oersted on electro-magnetism, 367, 382 



Olbers, Dr., discovers Pallas and Vesta, 

 300 



Optics, Alhazen on, 46 ; Porta on, 72 ; 

 Kepler on, 9, ; Newton's work on, 166; 

 'Opus Majus' of Roger Bacon, 51 



Orbits of the planets, elliptical, 96 ; go- 

 verned by gravitation, 149 



Organic compounds, chemistry of, 190 ; 

 Liebig on, 408 ; recent advances in, 409 



Organs of digestion arranged by Hunter, 



a; Lamarck on modification of, 430 ; St. 

 aire on modification of, 431 



Origin of species, 464 



Orion, nebula of, photographed, 347 



' Ossemens Fossiles' published, 436 



Ovid's ' Metamorphoses,' n 



Oviparous and viviparous animals, 140 



Owen on classification, 475 



Oxford, early meetings of Royal Society 

 at, 123 



Oxygen called 'fire-air' by Mayow, 130; 

 discovered by Priestley and Scheele, 

 230 ; amount of, in water, 400 ; com- 

 pounds of, with nitrogen, 401 ; liquefac- 

 tion of, 407 



199:! 

 Hilair 



